Designers & Movements Flashcards
When was the Arts & Crafts movement?
1850 - 1914
What was the reason to the Arts & Crafts movement?
It was a rebellion againts the industrial revolution (automation)
A reaction to the loss in traditional design.
The movement promotes appreciation for ordinary workers and traditional skills.
Who was involved in the A & C movement?
William Morris - owner of a company that used tradtional skills, leaving imperfections on products such as hammer dents and exposed joints.
Morris was know for his fabric work, this contained lots of floral/nature patterns - appreciaion for natural beauty.
When was the Art Deco movement?
1910 - 1939
What inspired Art Deco?
Design techniques used by Aztec and Egyptian designers and in African carvings.
This includedgeometric shapes, symmetry, sunburst patterns.
Which designers were incolved in the AD movement?
Clarice Cliff - known for her ceramic designs, lots of geometric shapes and primary colours.
Eileen Gray - know for furniture designs, bold geometric shapes, symetric. Such as the Aixia Chair, geometric shapes and tubular steel.
When did the Streamline movement start and what was it?
Began in 1920, when aerodynamics began to be considered in design (particularly of transport vehicles)
Later, streamline of household products came around - a sign of modernity.
What material allowed for household products to have the curves of a streamline design?
Bakelite - first plastic made from synthetic components, a thermosetting phenol formaldehyde resin.
What designers were involved in the streamline movement?
Raymond Loewy - designed the slick, aerodynamic body to cars, planes and trains
When was the modernism movement (Bauhaus)?
1880 - 1940, peaking between the World Wars
Bauhaus, 1919 - 1933
What is Bauhaus and what does it and the modernist movement involve?
At the time, a new type of school that believed in variety.
The idea of ‘everyday products for everyday people’ - form follows function.
Designs made use of similar styles to the Arts & Crafts movement but also included technology - embracing mass production.
Clean, simple and appealing.
Who are some major contributors to the modernist movement?
Marcel Breuer - designed the Wassily Chair which included tubular steel; the chair was light-weight and could be mass produced
James Dyson - the bagless vacuum, new tech to drive new products, innovative
Margaret Calvert - the ‘transport’ font used on roadsigns as well as some of th symbols; designed to be quickly and easily read
Dieter Rams - worked for Braun and made simple, honest designs, specifically technology
When was the postmodernism movement (Memphis)?
1978 - today…
Memphis, 1981 - 1988
What is the purpose and features of postmodernism?
This movement thought modernism had failed, they went agaisnt the movement’s idea of ‘less is more’, thinkcking desgins should be more interesting
Believed in form over function
Lots of anthropomorphic/zoomorphic designs - more of an art piece
What designers are involved with postmodernism?
Ettore Sottsass - designer of furniture, jewellery, lighting, buildings; used bold colours and shapes, founded Memphis design group
Philippe Starck - known for the Juicy Salif;a lemon squeezer inspired by a squid, more of an art piece than a practical product
Mark Newson - furniture design, made to be more of an art piece; such as the Lockhead Lounge Chair, aluminium in a organic bubble-like shape
