Design Movements Flashcards
When was the Arts and Crafts movement?
1850-1900
What were the key features of the Arts and Crafts design movement?
- Products were hand made
- Inspiration from nature (plants, animals)
- Natural forms and materials
- Colour and texture
What did designers from the Arts and Crafts movement believe?
That automation and mass production separated designers from their products and that crafts and workmanship from the past were dying out, due to the industrial revolution.
They preferred to make handcrafted original products.
What was bad about the products from the Arts and Crafts movement?
Making the designs required highly skilled workers so many of he products were too expensive for the average person to buy.
Who was the main designer of the Arts and Crafts movement?
William Morris
When was the Bauhaus movement?
1919- 1933
What were the key features of the Bauhaus movement?
- Form followed function
- Modern materials (exposed steel)
- Simple, geometrically pure forms and clean lines
- No decorative frills
Name 3 designers from the Bauhaus movement
Walter Gropius, Marcel Breuer and Miles van der Rohe
How did the Bauhaus movement start?
The Bauhaus was a German architecture school founded by Walter Gropius. The Bauhaus wanted to design and manufacture products, architecture and print that was functional, cheap and compatible with mass production techniques.
When was Art Deco?
1925- 1939
What was the key features of Art Deco?
- Geometric forms
- Symmetry and repetition
- Zig- zagged geometric fan motifs and sunbursts
- Man made materials
- Inspiration from ancient Egypt and Aztec Mexican art
What happened around the time of Art Deco movement?
Discovery of Tutankhamum’s tomb
Who was a key designer in the Art Deco movement?
Claris Cliff
When was Art Nouveau?
1890- 1905
What were the key features of Art Nouveau?
- Curly ‘whiplash’ lines and stylised flowers
- Elongated lines, leaves, roots and buds
- Exotic insects and peacock feathers
- Inspiration from nature and the female form
Who was the main designer of Art Nouveau?
Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Who was Charles Rennie Mackintosh and what did he believe?
He was an architect and interior designer based in Glasgow. He didn’t like the over decorated Victorian style. He preferred to incorporate geometric shapes and contrasting monochrome colours in his products.
When was Modernism?
1920s- 1960s
What were the key features of Modernism?
- Geometric shapes
- Influenced by industrial design
- Rejection of decorative forms
Who was a key designer in Modernism?
Le Corbusier, a French architect and designer
When was De Stijl?
1917- 1931
What were the key features of De Stijl?
- Black outlines
- Primary colours and black and white
- Simplicity and abstraction
- Geometric designs
- Rectangles
Who was the main artist in De Stijl?
Mondrian
Who was the main designer in De Stijl?
Rietveld
Who was the Memphis group?
A group of Italian designers led by Ettore Sottsass
What were the key features of Memphis products?
- Geometric shapes that were arranged in unusual ways to make the consumer look at everyday products in a new way
- Bold colours
- Humorous products
- Laminates were a common material that they used
What was Post Modernism influenced by?
- Western European disillusionment caused by WWII
What are the key features of Post Modernism products?
- Anything but the ordinary
- Diverse ideas, designs and innovations that are intended to provoke a reaction
What other design movement is part of the Post Modernism period?
Memphis
Name 3 Post Modernism designers
Alberto, Geroge Sowden(Memphis designer) and Mendini
