Design Knowledge

Question 1

Name the advantages and disadvantages of an open design brief

Answer 1

The designer can be as creative as they want
The design can be way off what the client was wanting

Question 2

Name the benefits and disadvantages of a closed brief

Answer 2

The client has more influence on the design
It means the designer doesn’t have as much creative freedom

Question 3

What does a product design specification have?

Answer 3

. The number of products to be produced
. The intended target market
. Impact on environment
. Where the product will be used

Question 4

Why is a performance specification needed?

Answer 4

It shows:
- how durable materials should be
- any safety laws or requirements the product should meet
- how the product should work in different environments

Question 5

How would a technical specification be used?

Answer 5

To show:
- the materials the product is made from
- the manufacturing processes to be used
- the assembly methods that will be used on the product
- the dimensions/ sizes of each part

Question 6

What are types of evaluation methods?

Answer 6

-user trials
- Questionairres

Question 7

What’s a user trial?

Answer 7

Involve getting the people who will use or buy the product to try it out and share their thoughts

Question 8

Name two idea generation techniques

Answer 8

Brainstorming
Morphological analysis

Question 9

Name 5 types of models and why they are used

Answer 9

Sketch models- they are fast and cheap and shows initial ideas
Block models- look like final design but have no moving parts, test ergonomics and aesthetics
Cad models- made using a computer and are very realistic and accurate allowing changes to be made easily
Scale models- these are created when building full scale models is impractical used during refinement
Test models- allow for alterations to be made before the product is produced seen is development
Prototype- made before the last model is created enables full scale performance and allows designer to identify any last minute problems

Question 10

Name 5 Graphic techniques and why they are used

Answer 10

Sketches- they are quick and can have notes
Orthographics- shows all sides of a design with dimensions
Oblique sketches- Are 3D and show the front view with one side and also the top view
Isometric sketches- provide a 3D view of object and shows all three dimensions
Point perspective- Make sketches look realistic and to make object look bigger or more impressive than they actually are
Exploded view- show separate parts of object that make up its assembly
Sectional sketches- shows the product if it has been cut in half
Scale drawings- they are used to better visualise proportions
CAD- shows model as realistic as possible

Question 11

Name areas of aesthetics that can be explored

Answer 11

Colour
Shape
Texture
Contrast
Harmony
Line
Form
Pattern
Balance

Question 12

Name the 3 areas of ergonomics and what they explore

Answer 12

Anthropometrics- the physical dimensions of different parts of the human body ( grip diameter)
Physiology- How the body functions and its capabilities( strain, weight)
Psychology- How the mind and senses work and react( stop sign is red)

Question 13

Name 5 members of the design team

Answer 13

Designer
Ergonomist
Lawyer
Production engineer
Project manager
Market researcher
Materials technologist

Question 14

Name 3 intellectual property laws

Answer 14

Copyright- protect published or printed materials
Design rights- protect 3D appearance of design
Patents- protect a certain feature of a product
Trademarks- protect names and identity of products
Confidentiality- is used to protect trade secrets