descriptive data Flashcards
Mean
The arithmetic average of a dataset.
Median
The middle value when data is ordered.
Mode
The most frequently occurring value in a dataset.
Range
The difference between the maximum and minimum values.
Variance
The average squared deviation from the mean.
Standard Deviation
The square root of variance.
Interquartile Range (IQR)
The range between the first and third quartiles.
Skewness
A measure of asymmetry in the data distribution.
Kurtosis
A measure of whether data has heavy or light tails.
Coefficient of Variation
The ratio of standard deviation to the mean.
Percentiles
Values that split data into 100 equal parts.
Quartiles
Values that split data into four equal parts.
Z-Score
The number of standard deviations a value is from the mean.
Coefficient of Determination (R²)
A measure of how well a model explains variation in data.
Histogram
A graphical representation of data distribution.
Box Plot
A graphical representation of five-number summary.
Correlation Coefficient (r)
A measure of linear relationship between two variables.
Covariance
A measure of how two variables vary together.
Empirical Rule
A rule stating 68%-95%-99.7% of data falls within 1-2-3 standard deviations for a normal distribution.
Central Limit Theorem
A theorem stating that the sampling distribution of the mean approaches normality as sample size increases.
