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SPM- Dermatology > Describing skin lesions > Flashcards

Describing skin lesions Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What pneumonic can be used for describing lesions?

A 
Size
Colour
Associated secondary change
Morphology
Margins
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2
Q

What pneumonic should be used for pigmented lesions?

A 
Asymmetry
Borders- irregular?
Colours
Diameter >6mm
Evolution over time
Funny looking compared to others
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3
Q

What should be done when examining a skin lesions?

A

Inspection
Description
Palpation
Systematic check

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4
Q

What should be examined in a systematic check?

A 
Nails
Hair
Scalp
Joints
Mucous membranes
Other systems
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5
Q

What does pruritus mean?

A

Itching

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6
Q

What is a lesion?

A

A region of altered skin

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7
Q

What is a naevus?

A

A loclaused malformation of tissue structures- e.g. a mole

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8
Q

What is a comedone?

A

A plug in a sebaceous follicle that contains altered sebum, bacteria and cellular debris,, can present as either open (black heads) or closed (white heads)

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9
Q

What does generalised mean?

A

All over the body

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10
Q

What does widespread mean?

A

Extensive involvement

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11
Q

What does localised mean?

A

Restricted to one are of skin only

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12
Q

what does flexural mean?

A

Affecting the flexure side of joints- e.g. elbow, wrist, back of knee, arm pits

Flexural means body folds

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13
Q

What are the extensor surfaces?

A

Knee
Elbow
Shins

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14
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

An area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve

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15
Q

What does discrete mean?

A

An isolated lesion

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16
Q

What does confluent mean?

A

Lesions are merging together

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17
Q

What is a target lesion?

A

Appears as concentric rings- such as in erythema multiforme

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18
Q

What is annular lesion?

A

Circular or ring like

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19
Q

What is a discoid lesions?

A

Circular or disc shaped

20
Q

What does erythema mean?

A

Redness- due to vasodilation and inflammation. It blanches when pressure is applied.

21
Q

What is purpura?

A

A dark red or purple area that is due to bleeding into the skin
It does not blanch on pressure.

Vasculitic diseases can cause prupura.

22
Q

What is are petechiae?

A

Small pinpoint macules due to bleeding

23
Q

What are ecchymoses?

A

Large bruise like areas of purpura

24
Q

What is a macule?

A

A flat area of altered colour e.g. freckle

25
Q

What is a patch?

A

A large flat area of altered colour- e.g. port wine stain

26
Q

What is a papule?

A

A solid raised lesion less than 0.5cm in diameter

27
Q

What is a nodule?

A

A solid raised lesion greater than 0.5mm in diameter

28
Q

What is a plaque?

A

A palpable scaling raised lesion greater than 0.5 cm in diameter

29
Q

What is a vesicle?

A

A vesicle is a small blister, fluid filled, that is less than 0.5cm in diameter

30
Q

What is a bulla?

A

A bulla is a large blister, that is filled with fluid and is greater than 0.5cm in diameter.

31
Q

What is a pustule?

A

Small pusss containing lesions less than 0.5 cm in diameter

32
Q

What is an abscess?

A

An accumulation of pus in the dermis or sub-cutaneous tissues

33
Q

What is a weal?

A

A transient raised lesion that is pinkish due to dermal oedema. Occur with urticaria.

34
Q

What is a boil/furuncle?

A

Staph infection around or within a hair follicle

35
Q

What is a carbuncle?

A

Staph infection of adjacent hair follciles

36
Q

What is an excoriation?

A

Loss of epidermis following trauma/scratching

37
Q

What are scales?

A

Flakes of stratum corneum/keratin

38
Q

What is a crust?

A

A crus is an area of dried serum, blood, bacteria, and cellular debris that has eroded through an eroded epidermis

39
Q

What is a scar?

A

New fibrous tissue which occurs post wound healing

40
Q

What is an ulcer?

A

Loss of epidermis and dermis (heals with scarring)

41
Q

What are striae?

A

Linear eares which progress from purple to pink to white

Associated with excessive steroid use, glucocorticoid overproduction, growth spurts and pregnancy

42
Q

What is a fissure?

A

An epidermal crack which is often due to excess dryness

43
Q

What is alopecia?

A

Loss of hair

44
Q

What is hirsutism?

A

Androgen dependent hair growth in a female

45
Q

What is hypertrichosis?

A

Non androgen pattern of excessive hair growth (e.g. in pigmented naevi)

SPM- Dermatology (10 decks)

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