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Dermatology > Describing Skin Conditions > Flashcards

Describing Skin Conditions Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

How would the location and distribution of a rash be described?

A 
Unilateral/ Bilateral?
Left/Right side?
Localised/ Generalised?
In a specific dermatome?
Symmetrical/ asymmetrical?
Sparing what parts of the body?
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2
Q

Describe the appearance of a purpuric rash

A

Red/purple due to extravasation of blood

  • Wont blanche
  • may be raised
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3
Q

What is Petechia?

A

smaller 1- 2 mm area of flat purpura

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4
Q

Describe the appearance of erythema

A

redness due to vascular dilatation

- blanches on pressure

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5
Q

What causes Hypopigmentation?

A

lack of melanin

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6
Q

What causes Hyperpigmentation?

A
  • increased melanin
  • haemosiderin
  • direct chemical staining
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7
Q

How are flat lesions defined?

A

Localised colour change

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8
Q

What are the two names given to flat lesions and how are they differentiated?

A

Macule < 1cm

Patch > 1cm

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9
Q

What are the two names given to the main raised lesions and how are they differentiated?

A

Papule < 0.5 cm

nodule > 0.5 cm

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10
Q

How are raised lesions defined?

A

localised elevated area

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11
Q

How is a plaque defined?

A

Raised edge and flatter surface > 1cm

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12
Q

What lesion is defined as a “compressible dermal swelling”

A

Wheal

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13
Q

How are raised fluid filled lesions differentiated?

A

Vesicle < 0.5cm

Bulla > 0.5cm

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14
Q

What lesion can be described as “a nodule containing semisolid material”

A

Cyst

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15
Q

What is a Pustule?

A

A raised lesion filled with pus

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16
Q

How can the border of a lesion be described?

A

Well defined/ Poorly defined

Regular/ Irregular

17
Q

How can the surface of a lesion be described?

A

Scale
Crust
Lichenified
Scar

18
Q

What does it mean if the surface of a lesion is described as “scale”?

A

accumulated fragments of keratin layer

19
Q

What does it mean if the surface of a lesion is described as “crust”?

A

dried exudate e.g. serum

20
Q

What does it mean if the surface of a lesion is described as “Lichenified”?

A

thickening with increased skin markings

21
Q

What does it mean if the surface of a lesion is described as “scar”?

A

normal tissue replaced by fibrous tissue

22
Q

What are fissures?

A

Linear split in epidermis

23
Q

What is atrophy?

A

loss of epidermis +/- dermis

BUT surface remains intact

24
Q

Describe the difference between an erosion and an ulcer?

A

EROSION = superficial break in epidermis

ULCER = deeper break into dermis

Dermatology (18 decks)

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