describe the key ethical principles that underly licensing of animal research in the UK

Question 1

what is the act underlying the licensing of animal research

Answer 1

the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 (ASPA). It aims to ensure animal research is conducted in the most humane and in consideration for animal welfare.

Question 2

what are the three Rs and definitions

Answer 2

1. Replacement- wherever possible, researchers must use non-animal alternatives, such as computer simulations, cell cultures, or human volunteers
2. Reduction- the number of animals used in research must be minimised to the absolute minimum necessary to achieve valid scientific results
3. Refinement- procedures must be refined to minimise any pain, suffering, distress, or lasting harm to the animals used. includes providing adequate analgesia and anesthesia

Question 3

scientific justification

Answer 3

animal research must be necessary and justified. there must be a clear rationale for research and must be expected to contribute to advancement of knowledge or improvement of human or animal health

Question 4

competence and responsibility

Answer 4

researchers must be appropriately trained and competent to conduct animal research
institutions must have appropriate facilities and resources to ensure the welfare of animals

Question 5

ethical review

Answer 5

all animal research must undergo rigorous ethical review by a designated animal welfare and ethical review body (AWERB)
AWERBs assess scientific justification, the use of the three rs and overall welfare of the animals

Question 6

transparency and accountability

Answer 6

there is commitment to transparency and accountability in animal research
information about animal research is made publicly available and there are mechanisms for public scrutiny and oversight