Describe the anatomy at the cardiac chambers, heart valves and major vessels

Question 1

Label the structures of the heart

Answer 1

Question 2

What is ligamentum arteriosum

Answer 2

Remement of ductus arteriosus

Question 3

What are auricles?

Answer 3

• Increases the blood carrying capacity of the atria

Question 4

There are two main coronary arteries which branch to supply the heart. What are they called?

Answer 4

Left and right coronary arteries

Question 5

The corony arteries originate from what?

Answer 5

The aortic sinuses

Question 6

What are the aortic sinuses?

Answer 6

Small openings found within the aorta behind the left and right flaps of the valve

Question 7

What is the main vein of the heart that the heart veins drain into? Where on the heart is this located anatomically? To what major vessel does the main heart vein drain into?

Answer 7

Coronary Sinus

Posteriorly, in the coronary sulcus

Inferior vena cava

Question 8

Going from medial to lateral, what are the branches off the coronary sinus?

Answer 8

• Small Cardiac vein
• Middle cardiac vein
• Posterior vein of left ventricle
• Great cardiac vein
• Left marginal vein

Question 9

What are the branches of the left coronary artery?

What are the branches of the right coronary artery?

Answer 9

• Left anterior descending artery (Anterior interventricular artery)
• Left marginal artery
• Left circumflex artery
• Right marginal artery

Question 10

State what areas of the heart these coronary branches supply

Answer 10

Question 11

Give the major functions of the CV system

Answer 11

• Transport of oxygen
• Transport of waste products
• Transport of heat
• Transport of hormone
• Assist in response to infection

Question 12

What are the 3 layers of the heart muscle?From most inner to outer

Answer 12

Endocardium

Mycardium

Epicardium (Also known as visceral pericardium)

Question 13

The pericardium surrounds the heart. One of the layers is in direct contact with the heart, whilst the other surrounds the heart, sepearated by a cavity.

Name the two layers, and name the cavity

Answer 13

Question 14

Name the two atrioventricular valves, and which side they are on

Answer 14

Tricuspid - right

Bicuspid - right

Question 15

Where is the SA Node found?

Answer 15

Embedded in te posterior wall of the right atrium - near the entrance of the superior vena cava

Question 16

Where is the AV node found?

Answer 16

Located in the juncton between the atria and ventricles, near the opening of the coronary sinus.

Question 17

The SA node is connected to the AV node via internodal patwhways. Impulses travel through these internodal pathways slower than they travel through conducting cells - why is this important?

Answer 17

Allows atria to contract before the ventricles.