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Azure Fundamentals - AZ-900 > Describe cloud concepts (15-20%) > Flashcards

Describe cloud concepts (15-20%) Flashcards

1
Q

Define cloud computing

A

Cloud Computing is the delivery of computing services, such as servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, intelligence and more, over the internet (the cloud)

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2
Q

Which pricing model is typically used for cloud computing?

A

The pay-as-you-go pricing model is used. You typically pay only for the cloud services you use.

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3
Q

How does the pay-as-you-go pricing model help businesses?

A

Lower your operating costs.
Run your infrastructure more efficiently.
Scale as your business needs change.

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4
Q

What does the cloud provider maintain?

A

The cloud provider takes care of maintaining the underlying infrastructure, such as CPUs and storage in your datacenter.

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5
Q

Why should I move to the cloud?

A

The cloud helps you move faster and innovate in ways that were once nearly impossible.

  1. Teams deliver new features to their users at record speeds.
  2. Users expect an increasingly rich and immersive experience with their devices and with software.
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6
Q

What on-demand access does the cloud provide?

A
  • A nearly limitless pool of raw compute, storage, and networking components.
  • Speech recognition and other cognitive services that help make your application stand out from the crowd.
  • Analytics services that deliver telemetry data from your software and devices.
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7
Q

What are several benefits that a cloud environment has over a physical environment?

A
  • High availability
  • Scalability
  • Elasticity
  • Agility
  • Geo-distribution
  • Disaster recovery
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8
Q

Define High availability?

A

High availability is a quality of a system or component that assures a high level of operational performance for a given period of time.

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9
Q

Scalability: What are the two ways that applications in the cloud can be scaled?

A

Vertically: Computing capacity can be increased by adding RAM or CPUs to a virtual machine.
Horizontally: Computing capacity can be increased by adding instances of a resource, such as adding more virtual machines to your configuration.

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10
Q

what is elasticity in cloud computing?

A

Cloud-based applications can be configured to take advantage of autoscaling, so your applications will always have the resources they need.

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11
Q

Why is agility important in the cloud?

A

Cloud-based resources can be deployed and configured quickly as your application requirements change.

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12
Q

How is Geo-distribution used in cloud computing?

A

Applications and data can be deployed to regional datacenters around the globe, so your customers always have the best performance in their region.

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13
Q

What is the advantage of cloud computing with regards to disater recovery?

A

By taking advantage of cloud-based backup services, data replication, and geo-distribution, you can deploy your applications with the confidence that comes from knowing that your data is safe in the event that disaster should occur.

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14
Q

What are cloud service models?

A

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
Platform as a service (PaaS)
Software as a service (SaaS)

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15
Q

Describe IaaS

A

This cloud service model is the closest to managing physical servers. A cloud provider keeps the hardware up to date, but operating system maintenance and network configuration is left to the cloud tenant.

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16
Q

Describe PaaS

A

This cloud service model is a managed hosting environment. The cloud provider manages the virtual machines and networking resources, and the cloud tenant deploys their applications into the managed hosting environment.

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17
Q

Describe SaaS

A

In this cloud service model, the cloud provider manages all aspects of the application environment, such as virtual machines, networking resources, data storage, and applications. The cloud tenant only needs to provide their data to the application managed by the cloud provider.

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18
Q

What is serverless computing?

A

In understanding the definition of serverless computing, it’s important to note that servers are still running the code. The serverless name comes from the fact that the tasks associated with infrastructure provisioning and management are invisible to the developer.

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19
Q

How does serverless computing assist developers?

A

Enables developers to build applications faster by eliminating the need for them to manage infrastructure. With serverless applications, the cloud service provider automatically provisions, scales, and manages the infrastructure required to run the code. Serverless architectures are highly scalable and event-driven. They use resources only when a specific function or trigger occurs.

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20
Q

What are three deployment models for cloud computing?

A

Public cloud, private cloud, and hybrid cloud.

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21
Q

Describe public cloud?

A

Services are offered over the public internet and available to anyone who wants to purchase them. Cloud resources like servers and storage are owned and operated by a third-party cloud service provider and delivered over the internet.

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22
Q

Describe private cloud?

A

Computing resources are used exclusively by users from one business or organization. A private cloud can be physically located at your organization’s on-site datacenter. It also can be hosted by a third-party service provider.

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23
Q

Describe hybrid cloud?

A

This computing environment combines a public cloud and a private cloud by allowing data and applications to be shared between them.

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24
Q

What is Azure?

A

Azure is a continually expanding set of cloud services that help your organization meet your current and future business challenges.

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25
Q

What is the Azure portal?

A

The Azure portal is a web-based, unified console that provides an alternative to command-line tools.

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26
Q

What is Azure Marketplace?

A

Helps connect users with Microsoft partners, independent software vendors, and startups that are offering their solutions and services, which are optimized to run on Azure.

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27
Q

What are common Azure services?

A 
Compute
Networking
Storage
Mobile
Databases
Web
Internet of Things (IoT)
Big data
AI
DevOps
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28
Q

What are the Azure Compute services?

A
  • Azure Virtual Machines
  • Azure Virtual Machine Scale Sets
  • Azure Kubernetes Service
  • Azure Service Fabric
  • Azure Batch
  • Azure Container Instances
  • Azure Functions
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29
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Virtual Machines?

A

Windows or Linux virtual machines (VMs) hosted in Azure

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30
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Virtual Machine Scale Sets?

A

Scaling for Windows or Linux VMs hosted in Azure

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31
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Kubernetes Service?

A

Cluster management for VMs that run containerized services

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32
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Service Fabric?

A

Distributed systems platform that runs in Azure or on-premises

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33
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Batch?

A

Managed service for parallel and high-performance computing applications

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34
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Container Instances?

A

Containerized apps run on Azure without provisioning servers or VMs

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35
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Functions?

A

An event-driven, serverless compute service

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36
Q

What is the key function of Azure networking?

A

Linking compute resources and providing access to applications

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37
Q

What are some examples of networking services in Azure?

A
  • Azure Virtual Network
  • Azure Load Balancer
  • Azure Application Gateway
  • Azure VPN Gateway
  • Azure DNS
  • Azure Content Delivery Network
  • Azure DDoS Protection
  • Azure Traffic Manager
  • Azure ExpressRoute
  • Azure Network Watcher
  • Azure Firewall
  • Azure Virtual WAN
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38
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure Virtual Network?

A

Connects VMs to incoming virtual private network (VPN) connections

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39
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure Load Balancer?

A

Balances inbound and outbound connections to applications or service endpoints

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40
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure Azure Application Gateway?

A

Optimizes app server farm delivery while increasing application security

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41
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure VPN Gateway?

A

Accesses Azure Virtual Networks through high-performance VPN gateways

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42
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure DNS?

A

Provides ultra-fast DNS responses and ultra-high domain availability

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43
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure Content Delivery Network?

A

Delivers high-bandwidth content to customers globally

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44
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure DDoS Protection?

A

Protects Azure-hosted applications from distributed denial of service (DDOS) attacks

45
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure Traffic Manager?

A

Distributes network traffic across Azure regions worldwide

46
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure ExpressRoute?

A

Connects to Azure over high-bandwidth dedicated secure connections

47
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure Network Watcher?

A

Monitors and diagnoses network issues by using scenario-based analysis

48
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure Firewall?

A

Implements high-security, high-availability firewall with unlimited scalability

49
Q

Describe the service funtion of the Azure Virtual WAN?

A

Creates a unified wide area network (WAN) that connects local and remote sites

50
Q

What are the four main types of storage services that azure provides?

A
  • Azure Blob storage
  • Azure File storage
  • Azure Queue storage
  • Azure Table storage
51
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Blob storage?

A

Storage service for very large objects, such as video files or bitmaps

52
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure File storage?

A

File shares that can be accessed and managed like a file server

53
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Queue storage?

A

A data store for queuing and reliably delivering messages between applications

54
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Table storage?

A

A NoSQL store that hosts unstructured data independent of any schema

55
Q

What are the common characteristics of storage services?

A
  • Durable and highly available with redundancy and replication.
  • Secure through automatic encryption and role-based access control.
  • Scalable with virtually unlimited storage.
  • Managed, handling maintenance and any critical problems for you.
  • Accessible from anywhere in the world over HTTP or HTTPS.
56
Q

With Azure, developers can create mobile back-end services for which mobile OSs?

A

iOS, Android, and Windows apps quickly and easily

57
Q

Features that used to take time and increase project risks, such as adding corporate sign-in and then connecting to on-premises resources such as?

A

SAP, Oracle, SQL Server, and SharePoint.

58
Q

What other features does the mobile service include?

A
  • Offline data synchronization.
  • Connectivity to on-premises data.
  • Broadcasting push notifications.
  • Autoscaling to match business needs.
59
Q

What database services does Azure provide?

A
  • Azure Cosmos DB
  • Azure SQL Database
  • Azure Database for MySQL
  • Azure Database for PostgreSQL
  • SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines
  • Azure Synapse Analytics
  • Azure Database Migration Service
  • Azure Cache for Redis
  • Azure Database for MariaDB
60
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Cosmos DB?

A

Globally distributed database that supports NoSQL options

61
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure SQL Database?

A

Fully managed relational database with auto-scale, integral intelligence, and robust security

62
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Database for MySQL?

A

Fully managed and scalable MySQL relational database with high availability and security

63
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Database for PostgreSQL?

A

Fully managed and scalable PostgreSQL relational database with high availability and security

64
Q

Describe the service funtion of SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines?

A

Service that hosts enterprise SQL Server apps in the cloud

65
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Synapse Analytics?

A

Fully managed data warehouse with integral security at every level of scale at no extra cost

66
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Database Migration Service?

A

Service that migrates databases to the cloud with no application code changes

67
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Cache for Redis?

A

Fully managed service caches frequently used and static data to reduce data and application latency

68
Q

Describe the service funtion of Azure Database for MariaDB?

A

Fully managed and scalable MariaDB relational database with high availability and security

69
Q

What are the Azure Web services?

A
  • Azure App Service
  • Azure Notification Hubs
  • Azure API Management
  • Azure Cognitive Search
  • Web Apps feature of Azure App Service
  • Azure SignalR Service
70
Q

Describe the Azure App Service?

A

Quickly create powerful cloud web-based apps.

71
Q

Describe the Azure Notification Hubs?

A

Send push notifications to any platform from any back end.

72
Q

Describe the Azure API Management?

A

Publish APIs to developers, partners, and employees securely and at scale.

73
Q

Describe the Azure Cognitive Search?

A

Deploy this fully managed search as a service.

74
Q

Describe the Web Apps feature of Azure App Service?

A

Create and deploy mission-critical web apps at scale.

75
Q

Describe the Azure SignalR Service?

A

Add real-time web functionalities easily.

76
Q

What are the Azure IoT services?

A
  • IoT Central
  • Azure IoT Hub
  • IoT Edge
77
Q

Describe the IoT Central?

A

Fully managed global IoT software as a service (SaaS) solution that makes it easy to connect, monitor, and manage IoT assets at scale

78
Q

Describe the Azure IoT Hub?

A

Messaging hub that provides secure communications between and monitoring of millions of IoT devices

79
Q

Describe the IoT Edge?

A

Fully managed service that allows data analysis models to be pushed directly onto IoT devices, which allows them to react quickly to state changes without needing to consult cloud-based AI models

80
Q

What are the Azure Big Data services?

A
  • Azure Synapse Analytics
  • Azure HDInsight
  • Azure Databricks
81
Q

Describe the Azure Synapse Analytics?

A

Run analytics at a massive scale by using a cloud-based enterprise data warehouse that takes advantage of massively parallel processing to run complex queries quickly across petabytes of data.

82
Q

Describe the Azure HDInsight?

A

Process massive amounts of data with managed clusters of Hadoop clusters in the cloud.

83
Q

Describe the Azure Databricks?

A

Integrate this collaborative Apache Spark-based analytics service with other big data services in Azure.

84
Q

What are the Azure AI services?

A
  • Azure Machine Learning Service

- Azure Machine Learning Studio

85
Q

AI: Describe the Azure Machine Learning Service?

A

Cloud-based environment you can use to develop, train, test, deploy, manage, and track machine learning models. It can auto-generate a model and auto-tune it for you. It will let you start training on your local machine, and then scale out to the cloud.

86
Q

AI: Describe the Azure Machine Learning Studio?

A

Collaborative visual workspace where you can build, test, and deploy machine learning solutions by using prebuilt machine learning algorithms and data-handling modules.

87
Q

What are the Azure Cognitive services?

A
  • Vision
  • Speech
  • Knowledge mapping
  • Bing Search
  • Natural Language processing
88
Q

Cog: Describe the Vision service?

A

Use image-processing algorithms to smartly identify, caption, index, and moderate your pictures and videos.

89
Q

Cog: Describe the Speech service?

A

Convert spoken audio into text, use voice for verification, or add speaker recognition to your app.

90
Q

Cog: Describe the Knowledge mapping service?

A

Map complex information and data to solve tasks such as intelligent recommendations and semantic search.

91
Q

Cog: Describe the Bing Search service?

A

Add Bing Search APIs to your apps and harness the ability to comb billions of webpages, images, videos, and news with a single API call.

92
Q

Cog: Describe the Natural Language processing service?

A

Allow your apps to process natural language with prebuilt scripts, evaluate sentiment, and learn how to recognize what users want.

93
Q

What are the Azure DevOps services?

A
  • Azure DevOps

- Azure DevTest Labs

94
Q

Describe Azure DevOps?

A

Use development collaboration tools such as high-performance pipelines, free private Git repositories, configurable Kanban boards, and extensive automated and cloud-based load testing. Formerly known as Visual Studio Team Services.

95
Q

Describe Azure DevTest Labs?

A

Quickly create on-demand Windows and Linux environments to test or demo applications directly from deployment pipelines.

96
Q

What are the four levels of organizing structures for resources in Azure?

A
  • Resources
  • Resource groups
  • Subscriptions
  • Management groups
97
Q

Describe Resources?

A

Resources are instances of services that you create, like virtual machines, storage, or SQL databases.

98
Q

Describe Resource groups?

A

Resources are combined into resource groups, which act as a logical container into which Azure resources like web apps, databases, and storage accounts are deployed and managed.

99
Q

Describe Subscriptions?

A

A subscription groups together user accounts and the resources that have been created by those user accounts. For each subscription, there are limits or quotas on the amount of resources that you can create and use. Organizations can use subscriptions to manage costs and the resources that are created by users, teams, or projects.

100
Q

Describe Management groups?

A

These groups help you manage access, policy, and compliance for multiple subscriptions. All subscriptions in a management group automatically inherit the conditions applied to the management group.

101
Q

Does using Azure require an Azure subscription?

A

Yes

102
Q

What is an Azure subscription?

A

It is a logical unit of Azure services that links to an Azure account

103
Q

What is an Azure account?

A

It is an identity in Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) or in a directory that Azure AD trusts.

104
Q

Can a Azure account can have one subscription or multiple subscriptions?

A

Yes

105
Q

What can Azure subscriptions be used to define?

A

Boundaries around

  • Azure products
  • Azure services
  • Azure resources
106
Q

What are two types of subscription boundaries that you can use?

A
  • Billing boundary

- Access control boundary

107
Q

Describe the Billing boundary?

A

This subscription type determines how an Azure account is billed for using Azure. You can create multiple subscriptions for different types of billing requirements. Azure generates separate billing reports and invoices for each subscription so that you can organize and manage costs.

108
Q

Describe the Access control boundary?

A

Azure applies access-management policies at the subscription level, and you can create separate subscriptions to reflect different organizational structures. An example is that within a business, you have different departments to which you apply distinct Azure subscription policies. This billing model allows you to manage and control access to the resources that users provision with specific subscriptions.

Azure Fundamentals - AZ-900 (4 decks)

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