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(D) Dermatology - Histology and Embryology > Dermo-Epidermal Junction and Structure and Function of Dermal Components > Flashcards

Dermo-Epidermal Junction and Structure and Function of Dermal Components Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what is the function the dermo-epidermal junction

A 
support
anchorage 
adhesion 
growth 
differentiation of basal cells 
semi-permeable - filters and protects against invading microorganisms
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2
Q

what makes up the dermis

A

ground substance
cells
fibres
muscles, blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves

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3
Q

what is ground substance

A

a supportive water-based substance in the epidermis

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4
Q

what cells are in the dermis

A 
mainly fibroblasts 
macrophages 
mast cells 
lymphocytes 
langerhans cells
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5
Q

what types of fibres are in the dermis

A

collagen mostly

elastin

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6
Q

what is photoaging

A

sun exposure causes loss of collagen and skin sinking

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7
Q

describe the blood vessels of the skin

A

they supply the epidermal skin but never cross into it, they run along the DEJ
they contain many horizontal plexuses and are more than needed for metabolic needs

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8
Q

what supports the DEJ blood vessel walls

A

collagen and muscle

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9
Q

what type of somatic sensory (dermatomes) nerves are there in the skin

A

free nerve endings and special receptors

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10
Q

what are the special receptors of somatic sensory and their function

A

Pacinian corpuscles - pressure

Meissner’s corpuscles - vibrations

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11
Q

what does the ANS supply in the skin

A

blood vessels
nerves
glands

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12
Q

where are Pacinian corpuscles

A

deep dermis

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13
Q

what do motor neurones supply in the skin

A

sweat glands

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14
Q

what do free nerve endings detect

A

light touch

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15
Q

what is a pilosebaceous unit

A

specialised keratin with an adjacent sebaceous gland

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16
Q

what is the oil in hair used for

A

lubrication
maintaining integrity of hair shaft
closes gap and reduces risk of infection and irritation

17
Q 
what is secreted by 
sebaceous
apocrine 
eccrine 
glands
A

oil
pheromones?
sweat

18
Q

describe the location of apocrine glands

A

feed directly into hair follicle

under arms and groin

19
Q

where are eccrine glands and what triggers them

A

many - hands, soles, forehead and axillae

warmth, stress

20
Q

are sebaceous gland endo or exocrine and where do they secrete into

A

exocrine

piliary canal

21
Q

where are sebaceous glands most widely distributed

A

face, chest and back

22
Q

what do sebaceous glands produce and what does it consist of

A

sebum

squalene, wax, esters, TG and FFA

23
Q

what is the function of sebaceous glands

A

control moisture loss and protect form infection via their antibacterial properties

24
Q

what type of glands are
hormone sensitive
hormone dependent

A

sebaceous

apocrine (androgen)

25
Q

what do apocrine glands produce

A

oily substance

it produces odour when anaerobic bacteria decompose

26
Q

what controls eccrine glands

A

sympathetic cholinergic nerves

27
Q

what can trigger eccrine glands

A

mental (stress)
thermal (warmth)
gustatory (spicy)

28
Q

what is the function of eccrine glands

A

filter fluids - NaCl and HCO3
cools via evaporation and moistens palms/soles tp aid grip
secretes salty solution

29
Q

what are the 2 layers of the dermis and what are they made up of

A

papillary dermis - superficial
- highly vascular loose connective tissue
retinacular dermis - deep
- thick dense connective tissue

30
Q

what is the hypodermis and what does it consist of

A

layer of fat that lies immediately beneath the dermis

consists mainly of adipocytes, nerves and blood vessels

31
Q

where are sebaceous glands derived from

A

epidermis

32
Q

describe each gland histologically

A

sebaceous - lobulated mass in dermis
eccrine - coiled tubular structures
apocrine - open into hair follicles

(D) Dermatology - Histology and Embryology (6 decks)

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