Dermis and subcutaneous tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of dermis:

A

Papillary: loose connective tissue beneath the epidermis.

Reticular: Dense dermal collagen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Functions of the dermis:

A
  1. Structure and flexibility.
  2. Vascular support.
  3. Immunologic protection.
  4. Nerve sensation.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Function of ECM:

A

Supports cells of the dermis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Components of ECM:

A
  1. Collagen
  2. Elastic fibers
  3. Extrafibrillar matrix
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Collagen produced by:

A

Dermal fibroblasts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Types of collagen:

A

Collagen I: most abundant.

Collagen III: Increased levels during embryogenesis, infancy, wound healing.

Collagen IV, VII, XVII are in the basement membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Structure of elastic fibers:

A
  1. Microfibrils (mainly fibrillin)

2. Elastin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Extrafibrillar matrix composition:

A
  1. Water
  2. Electrolytes
  3. Plasma proteins
  4. Proteoglycans
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Proteoglycan structure and function:

A

Structure: Protein core + glycosaminoglycan.

Function: bind large amounts of water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fibroblasts:

A

Derived from mesoderm.

Synthesize ECM components:
Collagen
Elastic fibers
Ground substance

High metabolic activity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Meissner:

Pacinian:

A

Fine touch.

Deep pressure, vibration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Marfan syndrome:

A

Autosomal dominant.

Production of weak elastic tissue due to a defect in synthesizing fibrillin.

Variable expression:
Most often CV abnormalities dominate.
Dislocation of lens (suspensory ligament is elastic).
Pectus excavatum.
Striae.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome:

A

Abnormalities of collagen structure, production, processing, or assembly.

Hypermobile joints and really stretchy skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Morphea:

A

Autoimmune disease, causes sclerosis.

Violaceous plaques, sclerotic plaques. Limb and joint complications. Neurologic involvement. En coup de sabre.

Women > men.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Systemic sclerosis:

A

Autoimmune disease.

Multisystem disease characterized by vascular dysfunction, excessive production of collagen that primarily targets the skin and visceral organs, and immune dysfunction.

Middle-aged women, increased incidence in the black female population.

Clinical features: 
     Sclerosis of the skin (microstomia, sclerodactyly)
     Raynaud's phenomenon
     Telangiectasia
     Arthritis
     Internal organ involvement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Functions of subcutis:

A
  1. Energy storage
  2. Insulation
  3. Shock absorption
17
Q

Erythema nodosum:

A

Inflammatory lesion of subcutis (panniculitis)

Raised, erythematous, painful nodules usually located on the anterior portion of the skins.

More common in young women.