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Derm Rotation M2 > Dermatopathology dictionary > Flashcards

Dermatopathology dictionary Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Loss of cohesion between epidermal or adnexal keratinocytes

A

Acantholysis

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2
Q

Increase in the thickness of the stratum malpighii

A

Acanthosis

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3
Q

Atypical appearance of nuclei as is found in malignant neoplasia.

A

Anaplasia

Anaplastic nuclei are usually large, irregular and hyperchromatic.

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4
Q

Cytoplasmic swelling of epidermal cells with loss of intercellular bridges as seen in viral vesicles.

A

Ballooning degeneration

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5
Q

The property of appearing bright white in a dark field when examined with polarized light. Collagen, hair and silica are some of the more common birefringent materials.

A

Birefringence

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6
Q

A cavity of at least 5 mm in diameter forming within or below the epidermis.

A

Bulla

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7
Q

Identical to coagulation necrosis and ischemic necrosis. The affected tissue has lost its structural outline and appears as pale eosinophilic, amorphous and finely granular. Until the necrosis is far advanced some shrunken or fragmented nuclei are present.

A

Caseation necrosis

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8
Q

Coagulative necrosis

A

Necrosis associated with the formation of pus.

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9
Q

Acantholytic, dyskeratotic, basophilic cells. Corps ronds have round nuclei with a perinuclear halo. Grains have an elongeated “grain shaped” nucleus. These cells are seen in Darier’s, Grover’s and warty dyskeratoma.

A

Corps grains, corps ronds

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10
Q

Apocrine secretion where part of the apocrine cell “pinches off” and is released into the lumen of the gland.

A

Decapitation secretion

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11
Q

Faulty and premature keratinization of individual keratinocytes. Dyskeratotic cells are usually intensely eosinophilic and may contain a small, dense, basophilic nuclear remnant. Dyskeratotic cells may also be densely basophilic as seen in Darier’s disease.

A

Dyskeratosis

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12
Q

a thin column of closely stacked, parakeratotic cells extending through the stratum corneum with a thin or absent granular layer.

A

Cornoid lamellae or porokeratosis

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13
Q

Melanocytic nests anastamosing between rete ridges

A

“Dysplastic Nevus” Terminology:

Bridging

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14
Q

Condensed collagen around elongated rete

A

“Dysplastic Nevus” Terminology:

Eosinophilic fibroplasia

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15
Q

Elongation of rete ridges with increased single and nested nevus cells in the basal layer

A

“Dysplastic Nevus” Terminology:

Lentiginous proliferation

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16
Q

Juntional component extending far beyound dermal component

A

“Dysplastic Nevus” Terminology:

Shouldering

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17
Q

Plates of lamellar collagen and fibroblast-like cells extend between elongated rete

A

“Dysplastic Nevus” Terminology:

Lamellar fibroplasia

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18
Q

It is characterized by (1)perinuclear clear spaces in the upper stratum malpighii (2) indistinct cellular boundaries (3) a markedly thickened granular layer with increased numbers of keratohyalin granules and (4) hyperkeratosis.

A

Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis -also called granular degeneration.

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19
Q

Presence of mononuclear cell in the epidermis without spongiosis occurring in mycosis fungoides.

A

Epidermotropism

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20
Q

Cells derived from macrophages, seen in granulomas and characterized by a large usually oval, pale, vesicular nucleus with a clearly visible nuclear membrane. The cytoplasm is abundant, ill-defined and slightly eosinophilic.

A

Epithelioid cells

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21
Q

An area where the epidermis is lost without dermal loss.

A

Erosion

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22
Q

Normal lymphocytes in the epidermis with spongiosis.

A

Exocytosis

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23
Q

A lipid-laden macrophage.

A

Foam cell

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24
Q

Large multinucleated cells. Epidermal multinucleated giant cells are characteristic of herpes virus infections

A

Giant cell

Foreign-body giant cells have a haphazard nuclear arrangement.

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25
Q

Histiocytic giant cells whose nuclei form a horseshoe arrangement

A

Langhans type giant cells

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26
Q

a ring of nuclei surrounding foamy cytoplasm with cytoplasm usually also visible around the nuclei.

A

Touton type giant cells

27
Q

Newly formed dermis arising in healing wounds and characterized by numerous fibroblasts and new capillaries and an infiltrate consisting of lymphoid cells, macrophages, and plasma cells.

A

Granulation tissue

28
Q

A chronic proliferative lesion consisting of mononuclear cells and epithelioid cells or multinucleated giant cells or both. These cells lie in groups are often surrounded by lymphoid cells.

A

Granuloma

“Naked” granulomas have few to none of these surrounding lymphoid cells.

29
Q

A narrow area of uninvolved dermis between the epidermis and a dermal inflammatory or neoplastic infiltrate.

A

Grenz zone

30
Q

Homogenous eosinophilic material that is PAS-positive and diastase resistant and has glycoprotein as a major component.

A

Hyalin

31
Q

Extension of single rows of cells between and around collagen bundles.

A

Indian filing

32
Q

The deeply basophilic, irregularly shaped granules in the stratum granulosum. These form the interfibrillary matrix which cements keratin fibrils, and the marginal band of the horny cells.

A

Keratohyalin

33
Q

A slit-like intraepidermal vesicle or bulla as is seen in Darier’s disease.

A

Lacuna

34
Q

Disintegration of leukocytes (primarily pmn’s) resulting in nuclear dust as seen in leukocytoclastic vasculitis

A

Leukocytoclasia

35
Q

Vacuolar change and interface inflammation

A

Lichenoid Tissue reaction

36
Q

Band-like lymphs hugging the DEJ

A

Lichenoid Inflammation

37
Q

Findings associated with lichenoid tissue reactions:
Dropping off of necrotic keratinocytes from the epidermis into the dermis. Apoptosis typically occurs in disorders in which basal cell damage occurs, such as lichenoid tissue reactions.

A

Apoptosis

38
Q

Findings associated with lichenoid tissue reactions:
Eosinophilic, round homogeneous structures seen in the epidermis or upper dermis. They form through degeneration of epidermal cells and are most commonly seen in lichenoid tissue reactions.

A

Civatte or colloid body

39
Q

Findings associated with lichenoid tissue reactions:

This process may lead to pigment incontinence or subepidermal cleft formation.

A

Vacuolar change of basal cells-also called hydropic degeneration

40
Q

Findings associated with lichenoid tissue reactions:
Replacement of the normally cuboidal or columnar basal cells with polygonal or flattened keratinocytes. This occurs mainly in lichenoid tissue reactions.

A

Squamotization

41
Q

A macrophage that has ingested melanin.

A

Melanophage

42
Q

The phenomenon of reacting with a different color from that of the dye used in staining. For example amyloid shows reddish metachromasia when stained with crystal violet.

A

Metachromasia

43
Q

The change of one type of tissue to another, such as metaplastic ossification seen in certain cutaneous tumors.

A

Metaplasia

44
Q

Small collection of inflammatory cells.

A

Microabscess

45
Q

Are composed of degenerated pmn’s in the horny layer and are seen in psoriasis and seb derm.

A

Munro microabcesses

46
Q

Are multilocular pustules in the upper stratum malpighii within a spongelike network made up of flattened keratinocytes. They are seen in psoriasis, Reiter’s disease, geographic tongue and in candidiasis.

A

Spongiform pustules of Kagoj

47
Q

Are a collection of 3 or more atypical monomuclear cells within the epidermic in mycosis fungoides.

A

Pautrier microabscesses

48
Q

Altered collagen that loses its normal eosinophilic coloration and fibrillar appearance, becoming slightly bluish and “smudged”

A

Necrobiosis

49
Q

Fragmented nuclei scattered in the dermis, predominantly around blood vessels. Seen in vasculitis.

A

Nuclear dust

50
Q

Upward proliferation of epidermis and subepidermal papillae causing the surface epidermis to show irregular undulation.

A

Papillomatosis

51
Q

Atypical cells scattered upward through the epidermis seen primarily in Paget’s disease, melanoma, sebaceous carcinoma and Bowen’s disease.

A

Pagetoid

52
Q

Retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum. This is a normal finding on mucous membranes.

A

Parakeratosis

53
Q

Deposition of melanin in the dermis, which when not in association with a pigmented lesion implies prior basal layer damage

A

Pigment incontinence

54
Q

Variation in the appearance of the nuclei of the same cell type. If pronounced and associated with large, irregular, hyperchromatic nuclei it is termed anaplasia and is often an indication of malignancy.

A

Pleomorphism

55
Q

Variation in the types of cells, particularly used in terms of inflammatory infiltrates.

A

Polymorphism

56
Q

Extreme irregular acanthosis with downward epidermal proliferation which may simulate a well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.

A

Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia

57
Q

Intraepidermal keratin-filled space which due to the plane of sectioning resembles a cyst, but actually represents and epidermal invagination.

A

Pseudohorn cyst

58
Q

Condensation of nuclear chromatin producing a dense, shrunken appearing nucleus.

A

Pyknosis

59
Q

A process in which severe intracellular edema results in bursting of keratinocytes and formation of multilocular bullae formed by remaining cell walls. It is seen in acute dermatitis and in viral blisters.

A

Reticular degeneration

60
Q

Intercellular epidermal edema, seen as an increase in the width of spaces between keratinocytes

A

Spongiosis

61
Q

A pattern of cellular arrangement which is seen in certain fibrous tumors when the elongated cells intersect or intertwine at various angles so as to resemble the weaving of a doormat.

A

Storiform

62
Q

An area where epidermis and part of the dermis is missing.

A

Ulcer

63
Q

A small bulla, generally less than 5 mm.

A

Vesicle

64
Q

A dermal papilla extending into a bulla, vesicle, or lacuna which is covered with a single layer of epidermal cells resulting from suprabasalar acantholysis.

A

Villus

Derm Rotation M2 (4 decks)

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