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PK Derm > Dermatopathology > Flashcards

Dermatopathology Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is the difference between a vesicle & a bulla?

A
  • Vesicle <1 cm
  • Bulla >1 cm
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2
Q

What defines a vesicle or bulla?

A
  • palpable elevation filled w/ clear fluid
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3
Q

What are causes of vesicles/bullae?

A
  • autoimmune
  • Viruses
  • chemical irritants
  • burns
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4
Q

A vesicle/bulla can lead to

A
  • intracellular oedema (spongiosis)
  • intracellular oedema (hydropic or vacuolar degeneration)
  • disruption of intercellular jxns
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5
Q

Levels of vesicle formation in the skin

A
  • Subcorneal vesicle: stratum corneum forms roof (impetigo or pempigus foliaceous)
  • Suprabasal vesicle: stratum spinosum forms roof (pemphigus vulgaris)
  • Subepidermal vesicle: entire epidermis separates from dermis to form roof (bullous pemphigoid)
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6
Q

What is the definition of a pustule?

A

Palapable elevation filled w/ pus

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7
Q

What is the cause of a pustule?

A

leukocytic infiltrate

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8
Q

What is the definition of crust?

A
  • dried exudate (serum), blood & scale adhered to the skin’s surface
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9
Q

What are causes of crust?

A
  • severe disorders of keratinisation
  • severe pustular dermatitis
  • secondary to ulcers
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10
Q

What are inflammatory patterns of epidermis?

Leukocytes = black dots

A

A. Migrate from perivascular dermis into epidermis (exocytosis)
B. Migrate into epidermis & accumulate to form a pustule
C. Pustule dries to form a crust
D. A subcorneal vesicle can progress to form a pustule

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11
Q

What is the definition of a papule?

A
  • palpable, solid, elevated mass < 1 cm diameter
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12
Q

What are causes of a papule?

A
  • infiltrate of inflammatory/neoplastic cells
  • epidermal hyperplasia
  • deposit of mineral
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13
Q

What is the definition of a nodule?

A

A palpable, solid, elevated mass > 1cm in diameter

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14
Q

What is the definition of a plaque?

A
  • solid, elevated, flat-topped lesion formed from coaslesced papules
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15
Q

What is the definition of an ulcer?

A
  • loss of epidermis w/ exposure of dermis
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16
Q

What are the causes of ulcers?

A

Secondary to:
* epidermal necrosis
* inflammation
* infarction
* neoplasia

17
Q

What is the definition of scale?

A
  • accumulation of loose keratinised cells
18
Q

What are causes of scale?

A
  • disorders of keratinisation
  • chronic dermatitis
19
Q

What is the definition of an epidermal collarette?

A
  • circular rim of scale occurs secondary to rupture of a vesicle, pustule, or papule
20
Q

What is the definition of lichenification?

A
  • thickening & hardening of skin
21
Q

What is a cause of lichenification?

A
  • chronic irritation/inflammation
22
Q

Pattern recognition

A
  • histological approach to inflammatory skin dz
  • patterns reflect underlying pathomechanisms (sometimes the cause of dz)

PK Derm (5 decks)

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