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Dermatology finals > Dermatology terms > Flashcards

Dermatology terms Flashcards

1
Q

Pruitis

A

Itching

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2
Q

Lesion

A

Area of altered skin

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3
Q

Naevus

A

Localised malformation of tissue structure

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4
Q

Comedone

A

A plug in sebaceous follicle containing altered sebum, bacteria, cellular debris
Can present:
- open = blackhead
- closed = whitehead

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5
Q

Generalised

A

All over the body

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6
Q

Widespread

A

Extensive

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7
Q

Localised

A

In one area of skin only

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8
Q

Flexural

A

Body folds - groin, neck, behind ears, antecubital fossa, popliteal

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9
Q

Extensor

A

Elbows, shins, knees

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10
Q

Pressure areas

A

Sacrum
Buttocks
Ankles
Heels

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11
Q

Dermatome

A

An area of skin supplied by a single nerve

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12
Q

Photosensitive

A

Affects sun exposed sites such as face, neck and back of hands

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13
Q

Koebner phenomenon

A

A linear eruption occurring at the site of trauma

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14
Q

Discrete

A

Individual lesions separated from each other

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15
Q

Confluent

A

Lesions merging together

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16
Q

Linear

A

In a straight line

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17
Q

Target

A

In concentric rings

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18
Q

Annular

A

In a circle or ring

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19
Q

Discoid

A

A coin shaped/round lesion

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20
Q

Erythema

A

Redness (due to inflammation and vasodilation) which blanches on pressure

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21
Q

Purpura

A

Red/purple (due to bleeding into skin and mucous membranes) which does not blanch on pressure (petechiae - small pinpoint macules) and ecchymoses (larger bruise like patches)

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22
Q

Hypopigmentation

A

Areas of paler skin

23
Q

Depigmentation

A

Areas of white skin due to absence of melanin

24
Q

Hyperpigmentation

A

Areas of darker skin (many causes including inflammation)

25
Q

Macule

A

A flat area of altered colour

26
Q

Patch

A

A larger area of flat altered colour/texture

27
Q

Papule

A

Solid raised lesion <0.5cm in diameter

28
Q

Nodule

A

Solid raised lesion >0.5cm in diameter with a deeper component

29
Q

Plaque

A

Palpable scaling raised lesion >0.5cm in diameter

30
Q

Vesicle

A

Raised clear fluid filled lesion <0.5cm in diameter

small blister

31
Q

Bulla

A

Raised clear fluid filled lesion >0.5cm in diameter

large blister

32
Q

Pustule

A

Pus containing lesion <0.5cm in diameter

33
Q

Abscess

A

Localised accumulation of pus in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue

34
Q

Wheal

A

Transient raised lesion due to dermal oedema

35
Q

Boil/furnucle

A

Staph infection within or around a hair follicle

36
Q

Carbuncle

A

Staph infection of adjacent hair follicles (multiple boils/furuncles)

37
Q

Excoriation

A

Loss of the epidermis following trauma

38
Q

Lichenification

A

Well defined roughening of the skin with accentuation of skin markings

39
Q

Scales

A

Flakes of stratum corneum

40
Q

Crust

A

Rough surface consisting of dried serum, blood, cellular debris and bacteria that has exuded through an eroded epidermis

41
Q

Scar

A

New fibrous tissue which occurs post wound healing

42
Q

Atrophic scar

A

Thinning

43
Q

Hypertrophic scar

A

Hyperproliferation within the wound boundary

44
Q

Keloidal scar

A

Hyperproliferation outside the wound boundary

45
Q

Ulcer

A

Loss of the dermis and epidermis

46
Q

Fissure

A

An epidermal crack usually due to excess dryness

47
Q

Striae

A

Linear areas which progress from purple to pink to white, with histopathological appearance of a scar (associated with excess glucocorticoid production, use, growth spurts and pregnancy)

48
Q

Alopecia

A

Hair loss

49
Q

Hirsutism

A

Androgen dependent hair growth in a female

50
Q

Hypertrichosis

A

Non-androgen dependent pattern of excessive hair growth

51
Q

Clubbing

A

Loss of angle between posterior nail fold and nail plate

Associated with suppurative lung disease, IBD and cyanotic heart disease

52
Q

Koilynchia

A

Spoon shaped depression of the nail plate

53
Q

Onycholysis

A

Separation of the distal end of the nail plate from the nail bed

54
Q

Pitting

A

Punctate depressions of the nail plate

Dermatology finals (8 decks)

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