DERMATOLOGY: NCLEX REVIEW I Flashcards
CELLULITIS
- S/S
- caused by
- red
- warm
- tender
- painful
- swollen
- skin glossy appearance
- fever maybe present
Streptococcus pyogenes or staphylooccus
Strep pyogenes also causes
- strep throat
- rheumatic fever
- necrotizing fascitis and glomerulonephrits
*
Staph aureus cause
meningitis, osteomyelitis
sepsis
Pseudomos aeruginosa causes
- UTI
- atypical pneumonia
- infections in burns
Wet to dry dressing aids in
Promotes healing by __?__ intention
debridement of exudate and necrotic tissue
Secondary Intention
Primary Intention Wound Healing
Healing is outside to in
- sutures
- glue
- staples
Secondary Intention means
wound heals from the inside-out
Tertiary Intention
wound cleaned and left open for several days for observation
Hydrocolloids Dressings fxn
minimize discomfort and prevent contamination of microbes
BURNS
Prioritize (4)
- Airway
- Restoring hemodynamic stability
- Initiating fluid rescuscitation
- Infection prevention throughout treatment
“Hemodynamic instability”
http://www.virtualmedstudent.com/links/cardiovascular/hemodynamically_unstable_patient.html
First off, what is “hemodynamic instability”? Hemodynamics is the study of blood movement; when this movement is compromised you get hemodynamic instability. If left untreated, it will cause multi-organ failure and death.
In essence, you can think of hemodynamic instability as the collapse of the cardiovascular system. This collapse is manifested clinically by a significant drop in blood pressure.
There are numerous causes of hemodynamic instability, and the beauty is that you do not need to “know” all of them to manage a patient who is acutely experiencing cardiovascular collapse. A few basic tenets of physiology, when examined in the right order, will help you manage a patient who is unstable.
The tenets are as follows:
(1) Preload (volume status)
(2) Afterload (systemic vascular resistance)
(3) Heart rate
(4) Heart rhythm
(5) Contractility
After a burn injury
Increase/Decrease
- Hematocrit
- Heart Rate
- K levels
- Lactic Acid
- Hematocrit: increase due to blood concentration
- Heart Rate: increase due to hypovolemia associated with third spacing
- K levels: Increase due to cellular destruction
- Lactic Acid: increase due to impaired tissue perfusion
- Contact dermatitis rash is caused by__?__
- Treatment (2)
- contact with an irritant
- Cool wet dressing OTC oral antihistamine
Stage I Pressure Ulcer
An erythematous lesion that loses all redness when pressed is termed “blanchable.”
Blanchable lesions are due to vascular dilatation. Non-blanchable, erythematous lesions are due to the presence of red blood cells outside of blood vessels (extravasation).
- Skin intact
- red
- non blanching
- warm
- Painful
Stage II Pressure Ulcers
- Skin is not intact
- loss of the dermis occurs
- pink/red
- open wound shallow
