Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Dx Med > Dermatology I > Flashcards

Dermatology I Flashcards

1
Q

What is a primary lesion?

A

initial eruption that develops spontaneously as a direct reflection of underlying disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a secondary lesion?

A
  • evolve from primary lesions
  • are artifacts induced by the patient or external trauma or meds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are some primary lesions?

A

macule or patch, papule or plaque, pustule, vesicle or bulla, wheal, nodule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some secondary lesions?

A

epidermal collarette, scar, excoriation, erosion or ulcer, fissure, lichenification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lesions that may be primary or secondary?

A

alopecia, scale, crust, follicular casts, comedones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is this?

A

Pustule
- circumscribed elevation of skin containing pus
- signifies inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a macule?

A
  • circumscribed flat area of colour change
  • < 1 cm in diameter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a patch?

A
  • circumscribes flat area of colour change
  • < 1 cm in diameter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can macules & patches present?

A
  • erythema
  • hyperpigmentation
  • hemorrhage
  • depigmentation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is this?

A

erythematous macules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is this?

A

Lentigo, orange kitty disease, hyperpigmented macules on nose & lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is this?

A

hyperpigmented macule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is another type of hyperpigmented macule than lentigo?

A

post-inflammatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is this?

A

hemorrhagic patches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Causes of hemorrhage?

A
  • trauma, vasculitis, vasculopathy, coagulopathy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is this?

A

depigmentation macules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are some types of depigmentation?

A
  • vitiligo
  • discoid lupus erythematosus
  • uveodermatologic syndrome
  • mucocutaneous pyoderma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a papule?

A
  • solid elevated lesion < 1 cm in diameter
  • localized cellular infiltrate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are examples of papules?

A

pyoderma, miliary dermatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is a nodule?

A
  • a circumscribed solid elevation > 1 cm in diameter
  • usually extends into deeper layers of skin
  • infiltration of inflammatory or neoplastic cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are examples of nodules?

A

neoplasia, granulomatous inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a wheal?

A

hives
- a sharply circumscribed raised lesion consisting of edema
- associated w/ allergic reactions or vascular leakage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is this?

A

wheal, which can cause tufting of the hair (but not all tufting of the hair is hives)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is a plaque?

A
  • flat elevation in skin > 1 cm in diameter
  • can be a coalition of papules (indicates chronic inflammatory disease)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is a vesicle?
- a sharply circumscribed elevation of epidermis filled w/ clear fluid - < 1 cm in diameter
26
What does a vesicle indicate?
viral, immune mediated, or irritants
27
What is a bulla?
like a vesicle but > 1 cm in diameter
28
What are these?
vesicles
29
What is this?
Bullae
30
what is this?
epidermal collarette
31
What is an epidermal collarette?
- special type of scale arranged in a circular rim of loose keratin flakes or peeling keratin - secondary to a papule, vesicle, bulla or pustule (when it bursts) - frequently, incorrectly dx'd as ringworm
32
What is this?
epidermal collarette
33
What is this?
epidermal collarette
34
What is this?
epidermal collarette
35
What are examples of epidermal collarettes?
pyoderma, immune mediated disease, dermatophytosis (ringworm)
36
what is this?
Lichenification
37
What is lichenification?
- thickening & hardening of the skin - often hyperpigmented - chronic friction or irritation
38
What is an erosion?
- shallow epidermal defect that does not penetrate the basal laminar zone - ex: ruptured epidermal lesion, self trauma
39
What is an ulcer?
break in continuity of epidermis w/ exposure of underlying dermis
40
what is this?
erosion
41
what is this?
ulcer
42
what is an excoriation?
erosion or ulcer caused by scratching, biting, or rubbing
43
what is this?
a fissure
44
What is a fissure?
- a linear cleavage into the epidermis or through the epidermis into the dermis - can be caused by disease or injury (canine distemper virus, chronic skin disease) - may be single or multiple
45
What is scale?
accumulation of loose fragments of the horny layer of the skin
46
What is an example of scale as a primary lesion?
ichthyosis
47
What is an example of scale as a secondary lesion?
chronic inflammation
48
What is a crust?
accumulation of dried exudate, serum, pus, blood, cells, scales, or meds adherent to the skin surface
49
Difference btwn primary & secondary crusts?
primary crusts are often more adherent to the skin (harder to peel up, no goo underneath)
50
What is this?
primary crust
51
What is this?
secondary crust
52
What are comedones?
dilated hair follicles filled w/ cornified cells & sebaceous material (blackheads)
53
What are these?
comedones?
54
What are primary causes of comedones?
- feline acne, endocrine dermatoses, Schnauzer Comedo syndrome, congenital hypotrichosis
55
What are secondary causes of comedones?
demodicosis or dermatophytosis
56
what is this?
follicular casts
57
What are follicular casts?
accumulation of keratin & follicular material that adheres to hair shaft extending above the surface of the follicle opening - need to see base of intact hair & not just flakes when epilated
58
what are primary causes of follicular casts?
- vit A responsive dermatoses or sebaceous adenitis
59
what are secondary causes of follicular casts?
demodicosis or dermatophytosis
60
What is alopecia?
partial to complete loss of hair
61
What is hypotrichosis?
- a form of alopecia where there is less than a normal amount of hair
62
What are different configurations of lesions and why are they important?
- single, linear, annular, coalescing - configuration can be helpful w/ differentials
63
What is an annular configuration?
has a clear or less involved center
64
what are examples of single lesions?
feline acne, acral like dermatitis, cysts. tumors
65
what are coalescing configurations?
a confluence of lesions or a spreading process
66
what is a linear configuration?
the lesion is a focal line (linear)
67
Why is understanding lesions important?
- helps generate a list of ddx - guides appropriate testing - facilitates in diagnosis - aids in communication

Dx Med (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions