Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ITM week 1 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different forms of eczema

A 
Atopic eczema 
Contact dermatitis
Pompholyx
HYperkeratotic palmar eczema 
Seborrhoeic 
Esteatotic eczema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is atopic eczema

A

Atopy- inherited tendency for asthma, hay fever and eczema
Sensitivity to allergens
Dry and inflamed skin aggravated by cold, heat, hard water, infections, clothes
Often develops at 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Signs of atopic eczema

A

Pruritus
Itchy papules on cheeks
Flexures affected, elbows and knees, skin dry and lichenified
Infection (through scratching) major problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Management of atopic eczema

A

Cleansing:

  • regular washing using emulsifying ointment
  • Bathe in emolient
  • Regular emollient cream

Environment:

  • Keep house cool
  • Limit allergens in house

Scratching:

  • cut nails
  • Sedative oral antihistamine at night
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When are steroids used for eczema and what is used

A

When emollients are not sufficient

Topical 1% hydrocortisone v effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which areas should you avoid using steroids and why

A

Avoid face - causes telangiectasia (thinning of face which causes blood vessels to be seen)

Anogenital region as scrotal skin absorbs 80x better than other skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are associated side effects seen in more potent steroids

A
  • Secondary infection because steroids are immunosuppressive
  • Thinning of skin
  • Telangiectasia
  • Acne
  • Mild depigmentation
  • Pituitary- adrenal axis suppression
  • Cushing’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When are topical tacrolimus used and what are their modes of action

A

Is an alternative drug to oral steroids

Interferes with induction of IL-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an infection of eczema associated with

A

Impetigo- staphylococcal infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How should you treat non widespread infected eczema

A

Topical antiseptic- povidone

Topical fusidic acid or mupirocin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How should you treat widespread eczema

A

Oral flucoxacillin

However if allergic to penicillin, use erythromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is eczema herpeticum

A

Infection of atopic eczema caused by the herpes virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is eczema herpeticum treated with

A

Emergency i.v. antivirals in hospital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is contact dermatitis treated

A

Remove contact

Emollients, barrier creams, topical steroids, oral antihistamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When is Napkin Dermatitis

A

Contact dermatitis + infection (its nappy rash)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the difference between irritation and infection of nappy rash

A

Irritation to ammonia- skin folds not affected

Infection- skin folds affected. Often fungal

17
Q

How to treat nappy rash that’s not infected

How to treat nappy rash which is infected

A

Improve hygiene, barrier creams, emollients and leave nappy off

Infected: Clotrimazole

18
Q

Main treatments for psoriasis

A
  • Emollients
  • Topical steroids- anti inflammatory
  • Topical dithranol- antiprolifetive
  • Topical vitamin D3
  • Cytotoxics- methotrexate
  • immunosuppressants- ciclosporin
  • Oral retinoids
19
Q

When are oral retinoids used for psoriasis

A

After methotrexate and/or ciclosporin

20
Q

Mode of action of oral retinoids and cautions

A

Bind to nuclear retinoid acid receptor and affect gene transcription- antiproliferative

avoid pregnancy for 3 years after stopping

21
Q

What is Ringworm and how can you treat it

A

Fungal infection

-culture of skin scrapings is best practice

22
Q

What is candidiasis and what does it look like

A

Fungal infection- seen in skill folds

23
Q

How are fungal infections treated and how to use them

A

Imidazole cream - + for 2 weeks after infection has cleared

Topical terbinafin (if fails, use oral terbinafine

24
Q

How do you treat fungal infections if topical terbinafine fails

A

Use oral terbinafine

25
Q

How is Athlete’s foot (Tinea pedis) treated?

A

Hygiene advice

Imidazole cream + for 2 seeks after infection has cleared

26
Q

What are the Different Topical treatments for acne

A

Benzoyl peroxide

Retinoids: tretinoin

Erythromycin/ clindamycin

27
Q

What are the different oral treatments for acne

A

Tetracycline/erythromycin

co-cyprindiol

Isotretinoin

28
Q

What are the effects of ISotretinoin (acne treatment)

A

Inhibits sebum production
Effective contraception
Lipid/hepatic disturbances

Can cause depression and not good to use with patients who have a past history with depression

29
Q

What is Rosacea

A

Inflammatory condition

It is telangiectasia but not comedones

30
Q

Treatment of Rosacea

A

Topical metronidazole

Then oral erythromycin or tetracycline

31
Q

What do Basal cell carcinomas look like (rodent ulcers)

A

Small blackish area - often on edge of ear/temple

Small colourless lump with pearly edges

Very slow growing- years

ITM week 1 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions