Dermatology Flashcards
Acne vulgaris treatment
Mild: Topical azealaic acid, salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide (antiseptic), retinoids, abx
Moderate: Topical + oral antibiotics (minocycline or doxycycline). Spirolactone
Severe (nodular/cystic): oral ISOTREINOIN (acutane)
Androgenetic alopecia treatment
Genetically predetermined progressive loss of terminal hairs on scalp in a distribution pattern
Topical Minoxidil 5% - hair loss before regrowth, MOA: widen blood vessel to promote increased oxygen and nutrient exchange to increase anlagen (growth) phase.
Oral Finasteride -5-alpha reductase type 2 inhibitor (androgen inhibitor… inhibits conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone)
Atopic dermatitis (eczema) treatment
Topical/oral corticosteroids and antihistamines for itching (hydroxyzine or Benadryl)
Burns treatment
Monitor ABCs, fluid replacement, silver sulfadiazine
Remember cover burns with dry dressing
Parkland Formula for Fluid Replacement for burns greater than superficial
BSA(%) x weight (kg) x 4 mL
Children with >10% BSA and adults with >15% BSA burns need formal fluid resuscitation
Contact dermatitis treatment
ID and avoid irritant
Topical corticosteroids 1st line (triamcinolone cream 0.1%) and oral corticosteroids in severe or extensive reactions
Antihistamines (hydroxyzine or Benadryl) Zinc oxide (diaper rash) Burrows solution (aluminum acetate), PUVA phototherapy
Diaper dermatitis treatment
Zinc oxide ointment or Vitamin A/D ointment & leave area open to air or cover w/ topical emollient
Perioral dermatitis treatment
Eliminate topical corticosteroids and irritant
MILD: Topical metronidazole, pimecrolimus or erythromycin
MODERATE/REFRACTORY: Topical + oral abx (minocycline, doxycycline or tetracycline)
Drug eruptions treatment
Remove offending drug
Symptomatic tx: oral antihistamines
Sever cutaneous reactions: Oral corticosteroids
Erythema multiforme treatment
Remove offending agent
Erythema infectiosum treatment
Supportive care
Measles (Rubeola) treament
Supportive Care
Isolate for 1 week after onset of rash
MMR vaccine 1 yr and 4 yr
Rubella treatment
Supportive care
MMR vaccine 1 yr & 4 yr
Roseola Treatment
Supportive (antipyretics)
Hand, Foot & Mouth Disease treatment
Supportive care
Virus usually clears up within 10 days
Impetigo treatment
Mupirocin topically x10d
Good skin hygiene, wash area with soap and water to prevent recurrences
Extensive disease or systemic disease: Systemic antibiotics (Cephalexin, dicloxacillin, erythromycin)
Lice treatment
Permethrin (topical, shampoo, lotion)
Lichen plants treatment
Topical steroids ointment
Pityriasis rosea treatment
Self-limiting lasting 3-8 weeks and disappearing spontaneously
Topical steroids or oral antihistamines for itching
Scabies treatment
Topical permethrin 5% (ONLY > 2 months old)
- apply to entire body and wash after 8-14 hours —> repeat in one week
Sulfur 5%-10% ointment (< 2 months old)
Seborrheic Dermatitis treatment
1st line: OTC dandruff shampoo, emollients
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Treatment
Supportive Care
SJS: Stop all offending medications, early admission to burn unit, manage fluid/electrolytes/nutrition, airway stability, eye care
TEN: Admit to burn unit with supportive care; consult ophthalmology if eyes affected; cyclosporine and possible plasma exchange for severe cases
Tinea treatment
Tinea Barbae: Griseofulvin
Tinea Pedis: Topical antifungals (azoles)
Tinea unguium: Terbinafine
Tinea Cruris: Topical antifungals (-azoles, clotrimazole or ketoconazole)
Tinea Capitis: Oral griseofulvin (drug of choice)
Tinea corporis (ring worm): Topical azole antifungals (1% clotrimazole, 2% ketoconazole)
Tinea versicolor: Selenium sulfide 2.5%
Urticaria treatment
Antihistamine (H1 blockers, second generation)
— cetirizine, loratadine, fexofenadine
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Loratadine (Claritin)
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
