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Special Senses > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Acne Vulgaris

A

follicular orifice is blocked by abnormal/excessive keratin, forming a comedone or blackhead.

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2
Q

Alopecia Areata

A

same frequency for males and females. Less frequent after age 40. Poor prognosisw/ recurrent/extensive episodes of HAIR LOSS

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3
Q

Apthous Stomatitis (Canker Sores)

A

small, discrete, painful mouth ulcers. Unkown cause- suspected viral infection, food/drug allergies/psychogenic

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4
Q

Macule

A

flat discolored spot of varied size (<10mm) and shape

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5
Q

Patch

A

similar to macule, but >10mm

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6
Q

Macule/patch examples

A

freckles, flat moles, tattoos, port wine marks, rashes from: ricksettsial infections, rubella, rubeola

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7
Q

Papule

A

a solid elevated lesion usually <10mm diameter

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8
Q

Plaque

A

a group of confluent papules

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9
Q

Papule/plaque exampes

A

(many cutaneous diseases begin with papules) warts, psoriasis, syphilis, lichen planus, drug eruptions, pigmented moles, seborrheic and actinic keratoses, acne, epitheliomas

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10
Q

Nodule

A

palpable solid lesion >5 or 10mm diameter, may or may not be elevated

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11
Q

Nodule examples

A

keratinous cysts, small lipomas, fibromas

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12
Q

Tumor

A

larger nodules (20mm or greater), benign or malignant

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13
Q

Vesicle

A

circumscribed elevated lesion <5mm diameter that contains serous fluid

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14
Q

Bulla (blister)

A

vesicle >5mm diameter

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15
Q

Pustule

A

superficial, elevated lesion containing pus

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16
Q

Wheal

A

transient elevated lesion caused by local edema; common allergic reaction (bug bites, drug eruptions)

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17
Q

Telangiectasia

A

Dilation of superficial blood vessels

18
Q

Telangiectasia examples

A

rosacea, scleroderma and other systemic diseases; may result from long-term therapy with topical flourinated corticosteroids, most etiology unknown

19
Q

Secondary Lesions

A

result either from the natural evolution of primary lesions (vesicle bursts and leaves eroded area) or from pt’s manipulation of primary lesion (scratching)

20
Q

Scales

A

heaped-up particles of horny epithelium (may be primary or secondary change)

21
Q

Scales examples

A

MC: psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, superficial fungus infections, tinea versicolor, pityriasis rosea, chronic dermatitis

22
Q

Crust (scab)

A

dried serum, blood, or pus

23
Q

Erosion

A

loss of part or all of the epidermis

24
Q

Erosion examples

A

common in herpes infections and pemphigus

25
Q

Ulcer

A

loss of epidermis and at least part of dermis

26
Q

Ulcer examples

A

physical trauma, acute bacterial infections, chronic bacterial and fungal infections, self-inflicted, systemic scleroderma, neoplastic tumors

27
Q

Excoriation

A

linear or hollowed out crusted area caused by scratching, rubbing, picking

28
Q

Lichenification

A

thickening of skin with accentuation of skin markings

29
Q

Lichenification examples

A

atopic dermatitis, lichen simplex chronicus (localized scratch dermatitis)

30
Q

Atrophy

A

thinning and wrinkling of the skin resembling cigarette paper

31
Q

Atrophy examples

A

discoid LE, long-term use of topical flourinated corticosteroids

32
Q

Scar

A

result of healing after destruction of some of the dermis (can also be caused by discoid LE)

33
Q

Acne locations

A

face, neck, chest, upper back. Tropical can involve entire trunk

34
Q

Atopic dermatitis locations

A

antecubital and popliteal spaces, face, neck, hands

35
Q

Erythema multiforme locations

A

hands, feet, mucous membranes

36
Q

Erythema nodosum locations

A

lower legs, principally pretibial surfaces

37
Q

Lichen Planus locations

A

oral mucosa, flexor surface of wrists, trunk, genitalia. May have generalized lesions

38
Q

Chronic Discoid LE locations

A

face, scalp, ears, neck

39
Q

Photosensitivity reaction locations

A

areas exposed to natural/artificial light

40
Q

Pityriasis Rosea locations

A

trunk and upper extremities

41
Q

Psoriasis locations

A

elbows, knees, scalp, back, nails, anogenital region

Special Senses (2 decks)

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