Dermatology Flashcards
Name the 3 layers of the skin
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutis
What is the main cell type of the epidermis?
Stratified squamous epithelium made up of keratinocytes
What are the 4 layers of the epidermis? (deep to surface)
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum corneum
Describe a macule
localised area of colour or texture change on the skin.
Describe a papule
Small solid lesion of the skin, usually <5mm in diameter.
Describe a nodule
Solid lesion of the skin which is >5mm, it may involve any layer of the skin
What is a bulla?
Large blister (>5mm)
What is a vesicle?
Small blister (<5mm)
Describe a plaque
Plateau-like elevation of skin, usually >2cm in diameter
What is a seborrhoeic wart?
A benign epidermal tumour, usually pigmented. It is caused by a proliferation of basal keratinocytes. They have a classic ‘stuck on’ appearance, with keratin plugs and a well defined edge.
What are skin tags?
Skin tags are pedunculated benign polyps, typically a few mm in length. Commonly found in the axilla, neck and groin
What is an epidermoid cyst?
usually seen on the scalp, face or trunk. they are keratin filled and derived from the epidermis. Normally 1-3cm in diameter.
What are milium?
Small white keratin cysts (1-2mm) in size often around the eyelids and upper cheeks.
What is a dermatofibroma?
Dermatofibroma are dermal nodules, usually asymptomatic.
What are pyogenic granulomas?
Rapidly developing bright red nodule, typically develops at the site of trauma- seen on the fingers, lip and face.
