Dermatology

Question 1

Effects the upper dermis and superficial lymphatics

Answer 1

Erysipelas

Question 2

deeper dermis and subcutaneous fat

Answer 2

cellulitis

Question 3

upper and deeper dermis

Answer 3

abscess

Question 4

cellulitis is most frequently observed in what age group?

Answer 4

middle-aged and older adults

Question 5

Erysipelas is seen in this age group

Answer 5

children and older adults

Question 6

risk factors for cellulitis, erysipelas and abscesses

Answer 6

skin barrier disruption, preexisting skin condition, skin inflammation, edema due to lymphatic drainage, edema due to venous insufficiency, obesity, immunosuppression

Question 7

most common pathogen in erysipelas

Answer 7

beta-hemolytic streptococci

Question 8

most common pathogen in cellulitis

Answer 8

beta-hemolytic streptococci and staph aureus including MRSA

Question 9

most common pathogen in abscesses

Answer 9

staph aureus

Question 10

clinical manifestations of cellulitis and erysipelas

Answer 10

erythema, warmth, edema; unilateral; lower extremities

Question 11

which disease, cellulitis or erysipelas, can be purulent?

Answer 11

cellulitis

Question 12

acute onset of symptoms, clear demarcation, systemic manifestations such as fever and chills

Answer 12

erysipelas

Question 13

indolent course, more localized symptoms over days, less distinct borders, may have drainage

Answer 13

cellulitis

Question 14

painful, fluctuant, erythematous nodule with surrounding induration

Answer 14

skin abscess

Question 15

infection of one hair follicle

Answer 15

furuncle

Question 16

infection of multiple hair follicles

Answer 16

carbuncle

Question 17

common areas of skin abscess development

Answer 17

neck, face, axillae, buttocks

Question 18

when should you use the LRINEC score?

Answer 18

concerning hx and exam, pain out of proportion to exam, rapidly progressive cellulitis

Question 19

complications of cellulitis/ erysipelas/ abscess

Answer 19

necrotizing fasciitis, Bacteremia and sepsis, osteomyelitis, septic joint

Question 20

differential diagnosis of cellulitis/ erysipelas/ abscess

Answer 20

gout, DVT, Venus stasis dermatitis

Question 21

Management of nonpurulent cellulitis

Answer 21

IV Cefazolin, IV Ceftriaxzone, PO Penicillin, PO Amoxicillin, IV Vancomycin, PO Bactrim

Question 22

Management of prurulent cellulitis or abscess

Answer 22

PO Bactrim, PO Doxycyclin plus Amoxicillin, PO Clindamycin, IV Vancomycin plus Ceftriaxone plus metronidazole, IV Vancomycin plus Unasyn

Question 23

Duration of treatment of cellulitis?

Answer 23

7-10 days

Question 24

If cellulitis does not get better in the set time what should you consider?

Answer 24

underlying abscess

Question 25

Contagious superficial bacterial infection found frequently in children 2-5

Answer 25

Impetigo

Question 26

Where does impetigo mostly occur?

Answer 26

face

Question 27

Papules progress to vesicles which become pustules and eventually form golden crusts

Answer 27

non-bullous impetigo

Question 28

vesicles enlarge to form flaccid bullae with clear fluid and effects the trunk more

Answer 28

bullous impetigo

Question 29

which impetigo, if seen in an adult, could be HIV?

Answer 29

bullous

Question 30

ulcerative form of impetigo where lesion extend through the epidermis to the deep dermis

Answer 30

ecthyma

Question 31

What two diseases can develop from impetigo?

Answer 31

Poststrep Glomerulonephritis and Rheumatic Fever

Question 32

What are the symptoms seen in Glomerulonephritis 1-2 weeks after infection?

Answer 32

hypertension, fever, hematuria

Question 33

what bug causes bullous impetigo?

Answer 33

staph aureus

Question 34

what bug causes ecthyma?

Answer 34

group A beta hemolytic strep

Question 35

Therapy for non-bullous and bullous impetigo

Answer 35

topical Mupirocin and Retapamulin

Question 36

Therapy for extensive impetigo and ecthyma

Answer 36

oral Dicloxacillin and Cephalexin

Question 37

intensely pruritic, erythematous plaque with usually no identifiable trigger sometimes accompanied by angioedema

Answer 37

Urticaria

Question 38

Management of urticaria

Answer 38

H1 antihistamines (for itch), Glucocorticoids (PO for swelling)

Question 39

what treatment is used in pts with urticaria who have angioedema

Answer 39

prednisone

Question 40

what part of the body do Lipomas usually form?

Answer 40

upper extremities and trunk

Question 41

what layer of skin do lipomas develop

Answer 41

subcutaneous tissue

Question 42

superficial, soft painless subcutaneous nodule, round, oval, multilobed

Answer 42

lipoma

Question 43

skin colored dermal nodule with visible central punctum

Answer 43

epidermal inclusion cyst

Question 44

where do epidermal inclusion cyst occur

Answer 44

can be anywhere on the body but most common on face, scalp, neck and trunk

Question 45

What hereditary condition is epidermal inclusion cyst associated with

Answer 45

Gardener syndrome

Question 46

Intralesional injections with triamcinolone is a treatment for what?

Answer 46

epidermal inclusion cyst

Question 47

increased muscle tone, painful spasms, widespread autonomic instability

Answer 47

tetanus

Question 48

incubation period for tetanus

Answer 48

8 days

Question 49

treatment of tetanus

Answer 49

IV Metronidazole, Pen G, IV Diazepam, Midazolam, Pancuronium, Vecuronium