Dermatology Flashcards
Erythema Nodosum
Infection:
Viral, streptococcus, salmonella, TB, leprosy, Fungi
Drugs:
OCP, sulphonamides, tetracyclines, penicillin
Inflammation:
UC, Crohns
Other systemic disease:
Sarcoidosis
Malignancy:
Lymphoma
Other:
Pregnancy
Pyoderma Gangrenosum
UC, Crohns RA, Ank Spond Chronic hepatitis, PBC, PSC Sarcoidosis DM, Thyroid Lympho and myeloproliferative diseases
Clubbing
Bilateral:
Thoracic: Lung cancer Chronic lung inflammation - bronchiectasis, CF, abscess, empyema Fibrosing alveolitis Mesothelioma TB
GI: IBD Cirrhosis Lymphoma Malabsorption - coeliac
Cardiovascular: Cyanotic congenital cardiac disease Endocarditis Atrial myxoma Aneurysm Infected grafts
Unilateral:
Upper limb artery aneurysm
Brachial AV malformations
Palmar Erythema
Pregnancy Hyperthyroidism Rheumatoid arthritis Polycythaemia Chronic liver disease Chemotherapy
Koilonychia
Spoon shaped nails
Iron deficiency
Fungal infection
Raynauds
Onycholysis
Nail destruction
Hyperthyroidism
Fungal infection
Psoriasis
Beau’s lines
Transverse furrows from temporary arrest of nail growth
Examples: malaria, typhus, rheumatic fever, Kawasaki, MI, chemotherapy, GBS neuro, Raynaud’s, trauma, high altitude climbing, deep sea diving
Nails grow 0.1mm/day - can date the stress
Mee’s lines
Single white transverse band
Arsenic poisoning
Renal failure
Muehrcke’s lines
Paired white parallel transverse band without furrowing
Hypoalbunaemia
Terry’s nails
Proximal nail is white/pink, nail tip is red/brown
Cirrhosis
Chronic renal failure
Pitting nails
Psoriasis
Alopecia areata
Drug induced urticaria
Penicillin Cephalosporin NSAID Opiates ACE inhibitor Hydralazine
Acanthodians Nigricans
Familial
Endocrine - acromegaly, diabetes, Cushing’s disease, PCOS, Addison’s disease, hypothyroidism
Obesity
Drugs - steroids, OCP, growth hormone therapy
Malignancy - GI, breast, prostate, ovary
Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
Folds of loose skin Yellow papules that coalesce to form pseudoxanthomatous plaques Eyes: - angoid streaks - blue sclerae - decreased acuity - peau d orange of fundus - optic nerve drusen - macular degeneration - retinal haemorrhage - comet streaks - colloid bodies GI: - haemorrhage - yellow papules and plaques on inner aspect of lower lip Cardiovascular: - hypertension - AR/MR - accelerated coronary artery disease - cardiomyopathy - diminished pulses Hyperextensible joints Stroke and aneurysm
