Dermatology

Question 1

Centor criteria

Answer 1

OLD- age <14 
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Absence of cough
Fever >38 C
Exudate on tonsils

Question 2

Criteria for antibiotics in sore throat

Answer 2

3/4 Centor criteria

Question 3

Tonsillitis antibiotic of choice

Answer 3

Pen V 10 days

or erythromycin/clarithromycin 5days

Question 4

macule

Answer 4

flat

impalpable lesion

Question 5

papule

Answer 5

small <1cm

raised lesion

Question 6

nodule

Answer 6

big >1cm

raised leaion

Question 7

plaque

Answer 7

flat raised lesion

usually formed by papules fusing together

Question 8

vesicle

Answer 8

fluid filled lesion

<1cm

Question 9

bulla

Answer 9

fluid filled lesion

>1 cm

Question 10

keratosis

Answer 10

scaling

Question 11

crust

Answer 11

dried series exudates

Question 12

erythema

Answer 12

red

Blanches on diascopy

Question 13

purpura

Answer 13

red

non branching on diascopy

Question 14

leukoderma

Answer 14

white

Question 15

Koebner phenomenon

Answer 15

a linear eruption arising at site of trauma

seen in psoriasis

Question 16

Lichenification

Answer 16

well defined roughening of skin with accentuation of skin markings

Question 17

Name: well defined roughening of skin with accentuation of skin markings

Answer 17

Lichenification

Question 18

Excoriation

Answer 18

loss of epidermis following trauma

Question 19

Wheal is seen in

Answer 19

urticaria

Question 20

target lesions seen in

Answer 20

erythema multiforme

Question 21

Keratinocytes: function

Answer 21

produce keratin as a productive barrier

Question 22

Langerhans’ cells: function

Answer 22

present antigens and activate T-lynohocytes for immune protection

Question 23

Melanocytes: function

Answer 23

produce melanin -> pigment to the skin and protects the cell nuclei from UV radiation-induced DNA damage

Question 24

Merkel cells: function

Answer 24

contain specialised nerve endings for sensation

Question 25

Epidermis layers

Answer 25

basal cell layer- actively dividing cells
prickle cell layer- differentiating cells
granular cell layer- cells loose nuclei and contain granules of keratohyaline. Secrete lipid into intracellular spaces
horny layer- keratin layer

Question 26

Antihistamine: example

Answer 26

chlorphenamine

Question 27

Uraticaria, angiodema and anaphylaxis management

Answer 27

antihistamines (chlorphenamine)
corticosteroids- severe uraticaria and angioedema
adrenaline for anaphylaxis

Question 28

Fungal infection management

Answer 28

topical antifungals (terbinafine cream)
oral antifungals (itraconazole) 
avoid CS -> tinea incognito

Question 29

Atopic eczema management

Answer 29

avoidance of aggrivating factors
topical steroids, or
topical immunomoduladors (tacrolimus)
antihistamines

Question 30

Acne vulgaris management

Answer 30

trigger avoidance (at least 6wks)
mild- benzoul peroxide, topical antibiotics and retinoids
mod-sev- oral abx and antiadrogens in females
sev- oral retinoids