Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm II > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 kinds of inflammatory acne?

A
  1. ) Papulopustular Acne
  2. ) Nodulocystic Acne
  3. ) Acne Congloblata
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acne Facts

A
  • most common in age 18-19 and in males
  • no cure, treat to control condition
  • 2 months to form, 2 months for treatment to work
  • treat entire affected area
  • pick and pop leads to inflammation and scarring
  • cleans twice a day
  • inflammation, not an infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Benzoyl peroxide

A
  • seen in many OTC cleansers
  • helps to open pores
  • helps prevent against antibiotic resistance
  • SE’s of dryness, itching, redness, BLEACHING
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the 2 topical antibiotics used are…

A

clindamycin and erythromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

combo product of topical BP and antibiotic

A

BenzaClin gel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When are topical retinoids used?

A
  • to combat comedonal acne

- can cause dryness and peeling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

topical retinoid that is FDA approved to treat acne and wrinkles

A

Retin-A (tretinoin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Finaca Gel

A

FDA approved for inflammatory acne and rosacea

works well for women acne (nodular along jaw and neck)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

topical agents that are indicated for mild to moderate inflammatory acne and comedonal ance

A

Epiduo gel

Ziana gel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Oral antibiotics are used in acne for…

A

moderate to severe inflammatory acne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Doxycycline

A
  • most common of tetracyclines
  • if you go brand you get less GI upset and sun sensitivity
  • take with food and NOT before bedtime
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tetracycline

A

-take an hour before or two hours after meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Minocycline

A
  • grey pigmentation, pseudotumor cerebri, SLE like syndrome

* no GI upset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

SE’s of all of the tetracyclines

A
  • yeast infections
  • decrease effectiveness of OCPs
  • tetratogenic
  • avoid in children under 8
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

oral Erythromycin

A
  • write enteric coated if possible
  • GI upset
  • effective option for patients under 14
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Don’t treat acne with oral antibiotics alone. Discontinue abx once a patient is controlled and only treat topically

A

.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Isotretinoin (Accutane)

A
  • indicated for severe inflammatory nodular acne resistant to maximal conventional treatment
  • 20-24 week course
  • weight based medication
  • SE’s: dryness, pseudotumor cerebri, joint aches, elevated LFT’s and lipids, depression, tetratogenicity
  • monthly labs
  • ALL women must be on 2 forms of birth control
  • must be in iPledge prescriber
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What labs must be ordered with Isotretinoin?

A

All patients: CBC, CMP, lipids

Women: HcG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Yaz

A

good for acne that is hormonally driven

FDA approved for moderate acne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Topical Rosacea Medications

A
  1. ) Metronidazole
  2. ) Finacea Gel
  3. ) Mirvaso Gel
  4. ) Soolantra Cream
  5. ) Sulfa Cleansers
  6. ) OTC Redness Relief
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How long does it typically take to notice an improvement with topical rosacea therapies?

A
  • 12 weeks

- treatment is long term because the condition is considered to be chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

only FDA approved rosacea medication

A
  • Oracea (low dose doxycycline)

- low dose is proven to control inflammation w/o SE’s of bacterial resistance, GI upset, or sunsensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the 3 oral Rosacea medications?

A
  1. ) Oracea
  2. ) Tetracycline
  3. ) Erythromycin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Ocular rosacea

A
  • Patient’s will c/o dry, gritty, sensation in their eyes

* oral antibiotic is required to treat this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

4 Rules of Topical Corticosteroids

A
  1. ) Lower number class = higher potency
  2. ) Higher potency = more SE’s
  3. ) If you step up, you must step back down
  4. ) Always apply BID
26
Q

TAR SE’s of topical corticosteroid use

A

Telangiectasia fromation

Atrophy of skin (don’t apply to face)

Rebound Flaring

*HPA suppression

27
Q

How do you taper a patient on topical corticosteroids?

A
  • in days (spread out same med over greater course of time)

- or in strength (taper down in class to give them lower potency of steroid)

28
Q

good for severely dry or irritated skin bc it creates a barrier, oil based on not asthetically pleasing

A

ointments

29
Q

most common topical vehicle, water based with oil soluble ingredients

A

creams

30
Q

convenient for large surface areas as it spreads easily

A

lotion

31
Q

mainly water and evaporate quickly, leave minimal residue

A

gels

32
Q

absorb quickly, good for hairy regions of the body

A

foams

33
Q

liquid with water or alcohol base, may sting, good for scalp

A

solution

34
Q

When do we use high dose steroids

A
  1. ) Thickened Skin

2. ) Severe flares

35
Q

When do we NOT use high dose steroids

A
  • face
  • intertriginous areas
  • areas of occlusion (stockings or bra line)
36
Q

When do we use moderate/low dose steroids

A
  • face, intertriginous areas, occlusive areas

- mild to moderate flares

37
Q

When do we NOT use mild to moderate steroids

A
  • thickened skin

- severe flares

38
Q

Steroid Exceptions to the rules

A
  1. ) Elocon Cream/Ointment = don’t thin the skin

2. ) thickened skin on the face

39
Q

SE’s of a 1cc triamcinolone acetonide injection are…

A

NON-REVERSIBLE

-infection, bleeding, pain, high steroid glucose intolerance

40
Q

Calcineurin Inhibitors

A

non-steroidal immunosuppressants which help to decrease inflammation and itching w/o suppressing the entire immune system

  • NOT APPROVED for children under 2
  • Black Box warning for cancer, not proven cause
  • Elidel or Protopic
41
Q

Topical Keratolytics

A

help to soften and shed the epidermal skin layer

commonly used for calluses, ichthyosis and keratosis pilaris

BID for 2 months if you want good results

42
Q

if its scaly, consider it to be……..

A

FUNGUS!

capable of invading the skin, hair, and nails

43
Q

molds

A

dermatophytes (most skin, hair, and nail infections)

non-dermatophytic molds

44
Q

yeasts

A

Candida

Pityrosporum

45
Q

Fungal infections of the epidermis are typically localized and treated topically BID for 14 days

A

.

46
Q

Topical Antifungal

A

Nizoral (ketokonazole)

covered well by insurance, FDA approved for dermatophytes and Candida

47
Q

Nystatin

A

works well for Candida but NOT for dermatophytes

48
Q

Oral antifungals are rarely used for skin infections unless…..

A

extensive infection

patient is immunocompromised

*if so use Lamisil

49
Q

What is the gold standard therapy for tinea capitis?

A

Lamisil

approved for adults and children 4 and over

dosed based on weight

50
Q

When do you suspect tinea unguium/onychomycosis?

A

when nails are thickened and there is underlying nail debris

51
Q

You cannot look at the nail and diagnose fungus! You NEED to culture it

A

.

52
Q

Oral Onychomycosis Therapy

A

Lamisil

6 weeks for hands, 12 weeks for feet

SE’s: metallic taste, rash, liver dysfunction

*check LFT’s one month into treatment!

nail won’t be clear at end of treatment (6 to 12 months for regrowth)

53
Q

nail fungus with liver disease

A

Penlac

apply daily for 1 year

54
Q

Topical steroids will fertilize fungal infections. If you treat a rash with a steroid and it becomes worse, it could be a fungal infection

A

.

55
Q

Use Lotrisone = need to taper

A

betamethasone diproponate has a steroid in it

if not, rebound flare

56
Q

Hives

A

use antihistamines!

what works for one person may not work for another

need certain level in blood stream, take QD for 5 days to start

only helps itching related to hives

57
Q

Drowsy Antihistamines

A

Benadryl

Atarax

58
Q

Non-drowsy Antihistamines

A

Claritin

Zyrtec

Xyzal

Allegra

59
Q

Topical Treatment for Uricaria

A

OTC Sarna Lotion

only provides short term relief on top of the skin, not treating the underlying problem

60
Q

Tell all urticaria patients that if they develop SOB, they need to go immediately to the ER. They are in anaphylaxis and need a shot of epinephrine

A

.

61
Q

Scabies

A

parasitic infection that only affects humans

very itchy and contagious

easily treated

62
Q

Scabies treatment

A

elimite (permethrin) cream- apply neck down and leave on for 8-10 hours, it can be drying so moisturize after if needed

topical corticosteroids- short term itch relief, patients may itch for 1 week after treatment

Household Cleaning- wash clothes with warm soapy water, tie off pillows and stuffed animals for 48 hours (mites die in 24 w/o human contact)

Pharm II (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions