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Chidera's RC Study Goals > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
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Battle Sign
BattlE > Behind the Ear

Ecchymosis over the mastoid bone > Signifies basal skull fracture
Also look for Raccoon sign (periorbital ecchymosis), CSF leak from ears, hemotypanum (bruising or blood around the tympanic membrane)

IF PRESENT DO NOT PLACE A NASAL TUBE

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2
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Purpura fulminans = protein C deficiency
Organisms: N meningitidis, strep pneumo, GAS, GBS; less commonly H flu, staph aureus, malaria

Treatment: Hydrocort stress dose – 50 mg/m2, then 100 mg/m2/day div TID or QID early in course of illness to prevent shock

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3
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Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP)

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4
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Erythema Marginatum (rheumatic fever)

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5
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Hypoglycemia associated with hyperinsulinemia is also seen in approximately 50% of patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (see Chapter 576). This syndrome is caused by an imprinting disorder (see Chapter 98.8) and characterized by omphalocele, gigantism, macroglossia, microcephaly, and visceromegaly (Fig. 111.4). Distinctive lateral earlobe fissures and facial nevus flammeus are present; hemihypertrophy occurs in many of these infants

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6
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Williams Syndrome
“Elfish” appearance
Chromosome 7

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7
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Port Wine Stain-Associated Syndromes:
Sturge-Weber syndrome (will involve the eye)
Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome
Parkes Weber syndrome
Capillary malformation–arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM) syndrome
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Von Hippel–Lindau disease
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
Coat disease
CLOVES: Congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, and scoliosis/skeletal and spinal anomalies.

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8
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Port Wine Stain-Associated Syndromes:
Sturge-Weber syndrome (will involve the eye)
Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome
Parkes Weber syndrome
Capillary malformation–arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM) syndrome
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Von Hippel–Lindau disease
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
Coat disease
CLOVES: Congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, and scoliosis/skeletal and spinal anomalies.

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9
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Port Wine Stain-Associated Syndromes:
Sturge-Weber syndrome (will involve the eye)
Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome
Parkes Weber syndrome
Capillary malformation–arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM) syndrome
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Von Hippel–Lindau disease
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
Coat disease
CLOVES: Congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, and scoliosis/skeletal and spinal anomalies.

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10
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Incontinentia pigmenti

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11
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Noonan’s syndrome

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12
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CHARGE- characteristic cup shaped ear

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13
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Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
Polyps are primarily found in the small intestine but may also be colonic or gastric; lesions can fade by puberty or adulthood. Increased risk of cancers; (GI & extraintestinal- colorectal, breast, reproductive tumors)

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14
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Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome - Melanosis on lips

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15
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Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome - Melanosis on oral mucosa

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16
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Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome - Melanosis on Fingers

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17
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Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

A

histologically proven hamartomatous polyps plus 2 of 3
- family hx with AD pattern-only 50% of px have affected family member suggesting high rate of spontaneous mutation
- mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation
- small bowel polyposis)

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18
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Target sign = intussusception

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19
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G-tube granulation

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20
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G-tube skin infection

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21
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G-tube yeast infection

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22
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Erythema toxicum
- Benign, 50% of term infants
- Firm, yellow/white papules or pustules with surround erythematous flare. Can be only splotchy erythema. Spares palms and soles.
- Intralesional content = eosinophilic.

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23
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Erythema toxicum DDx

A

pyoderma, candida, HSV, transient neonatal pustular melanosis, miliaria

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24
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Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis

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25
Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis
Benign, present at birth, more common in African>Caucasian, not eosinophilic
26
Miliaria - Blocked sweat ducts, warm climates
27
Tuberous Sclerosis - “Shagreen patch”- aka orange peel lesion
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Tuberous Sclerosis Major Criteria
1. Cortical dysplasias (including tubers and cerebral white matter migration lines) 2. Subependymal nodules 3. Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma 4. Facial angiofibromas (≥3) or forehead plaque 5. Ungual fibromas (≥2) 6. Hypomelanotic macules (≥3, ≥5 mm in diameter) 7. Shagreen patch 8. Multiple retinal nodular hamartomas 9. Cardiac rhabdomyoma 10.Renal angiomyolipoma 11. Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis
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Tuberous Sclerosis Minor Criteria
1. Dental enamel pits (>3) 2. Intraoral fibromas (≥2) 3. Retinal achromic patch 4. Confetti skin lesions 5. Nonrenal hamartomas 6. Multiple renal cysts
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Sturge-Weber
31
Sturge Weber Triad
1. capillary malformation (port wine stain or nevus flammeus) 2. an ipsilateral vascular anomaly in the brain (leptomeningeal hemangioma) 3. ocular hemangioma Can also present with glaucoma as an ocular manifestation
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Tay-Sachs: eye cherry red spot
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Tay Sachs
presents in Infancy, myoclonus, seizures, spasticity, progressive unresponsiveness, developmental regression
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Abusive head trauma: multilayered (preretinal, intraretinal, and subretinal) retinal hemorrhages
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Retinopathy of prematurity
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Retinopathy of prematurity
1. arteriovenous shunts 2. neovascularization 3. microvascular changes (tufting & attenuation of capillaries around arteries and veins)
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Diabetic retinopathy
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Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
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Scurvy - Scorbutic Rosary
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Rickets Stigmata
1. Delayed fontanelle closure 2. Wide sutures 3. Craniotabes 4. Frontal bossing 5. Dental hypoplasia 6. Pectus Carinatum 7. Rachitic Rosary 8. Swelling in wrist and ankle joint 9. Harrison's sulcus 10. Bowing of legs
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Acrodermatitis enteropathica
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Acrodermatitis enteropathica
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Acrodermatitis enteropathica
autosomal recessive (of mutations in the SLC39A4 gene) zinc deficiency that manifests in infancy
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Acrodermatitis enteropathica (Triad)
dermatitis, alopecia and diarrhea
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Acrodermatitis enteropathica (7 Features)
1. alopecia 2. diarrhea 3. ophthalmic disorders (including corneal scarring, cataract formation, retinal degeneration, and optic atrophy) 4. severe growth retardation 5. delayed sexual maturation 6. neuropsychiatric manifestations 7. frequent infections
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Acrodermatitis enteropathica management
oral supplementation of zinc
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Ash Leaf Spot - Tuberous Sclerosis
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Lichen sclerosis
49
Vulvar psoriasis
50
Candida vulvovaginitis
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Dentinogenesis imperfecta aka hereditary opalescent dentin
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Dental fluorosis
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Dental caries
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Vitamin D dependent rickets
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"fistula at the periapical region of primary maxillary left lateral incisor"
Vitamin D dependent rickets
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Vitamin C deficiency - swollen bleeding gums
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Vitamin C deficiency - perifollicular petechiae
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Zika Virus
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Zika Virus (Occular Anomalies)
1. Chorioretinal atrophy or scarring 2. Focal pigmentary mottling of retina 3. Optic nerve atrophy 4. Microphthalmia, cataracts, intraocular calcifications
60
Zika Virus (Congenital Constructers)
1. Arthrogryposis 2. Club foot 3. Congenital hip dislocation
61
Ankle xanthomas - familial hypercholesterolemia
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Ankle xanthomas
thickening of the Achilles tendon; often bilateral and painless; can become painful as it grows
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Osgood Schlatters
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CPAM
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Bronchogenic cyst
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Zika Virus - microcephaly
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Congenital lobar emphysema
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Scabies
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Scabies Treatment
Sulphur - safe for young children and pregnant women 5% permethrin if > 2 months old
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Violaceous, sharply demarcated, polygonal papule with fine white scale/lines
Lichen Planus
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Plaque psoriasis
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Tinea corporis
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Tinea corporis
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Langerhans cell histiocytosis
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Shagreen patches - Tuberous sclerosis
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Shagreen patches - Tuberous sclerosis
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Shagreen patches - Tuberous sclerosis
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Pityriasis rosea
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Miliaria
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Miliaria
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Seborrheic dermatitis
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psoriasis
83
Tinea Corporis
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Pityriasis Versicolor
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Scabies
86
RIME
87
Erythema multiforme
88
Trichotillomania
89
Scabies
90
Staph scalded skin
91
Seborrheic dermatitis
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Dermatitis herpetiformis
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scabies
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Acrodermatitis enteropathica
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Acrodermatitis enteropathica
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Subcutaneous fat necrosis
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Subcutaneous fat necrosis
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Trisomy 21
99
Trisomy 13
100
Turner Syndrome
101
Trisomy 18
102
Erythema toxicum
103
Erythema toxicum
104

Chidera's RC Study Goals (6 decks)

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