Dermatology

Question 1

What is the Most Effective Treatment in Horses with Chorioptic Mange?

Answer 1

-Paratisitic cure:
i) application of 1% selenium sulphide shampoo for 10 minutes on three occasions and treatment of the environment together with changing the bedding
ii) moxidectin oral gel administered once, or ivermectin 2 mg/kg administered twice, plus two treatments of the environment with deltamethrin 2-weeks apart- this study resulted in better lesion healing.
iii) four applications of lime sulphur at 7-day intervals (after shampooing), with or without hair clipping with no treatment of the environment

Doramectin and topical fibronil (no environmental): significant reductionin number of mites (no dif) but persistence of skin lesions and no parasitological cure
Inconsistent reporting, case selection, no controls

Question 2

Treatment of Equine Sarcoids: A Systematic Review

Answer 2

• not enough evidence
  -radiotherpy, cryotherapy, cisplatin, ECT
  Topicals: imiquimod and bloodroot

Question 3

Transcription of Interleukin 31 and Its Receptor by Leukocytes After Culicoides Stimulation in Allergic Horses

Answer 3

-IL-31 blocking reduces pruritis
- increased IL-31 transcription not seen in PBMCs incubated with Ag in this study.
-Receptor did increase, but NSD with controls
- signalling occurs downstream or by unidentified splice variants

Question 4

A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Double-Blinded Study Comparing Oral and Subcutaneous Administration of Mistletoe Extract for Equine Sarcoid Disease

Answer 4

-The use of VAE, irrespective of the route of administration, did not show a significant reduction in ES number and total surface area per horse in comparison with the placebo group
-complete or partial regression in 25-40%
-The direct comparison of oral VAE treatment against placebo for experiencing partial or complete regression of ES did not show a significant effect (odds ratio, stratified for prognosis)
- THE ORIGINAL STUDY WAS ONE OF THE BETTER ONES IN THE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND HAS BEEN DISPROVEN WITH A DECENT STUDY… 2 horses experienced spontaneous regression

Question 5

Amorphous Silicate Technology in Equine Limb Wound Healing

Answer 5

Amorphous silicates -> orthosilicilic acid- anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic actions. May aid in the reduction of EGT. Was safe in this case series with no AE.

Question 6

Clinical Features, Treatment, and Outcome of Aural Hematomas in Horses

Answer 6

Drain +/- compressive sutures (buttons)
Check for OE, OM and THO. Association with allergic skin disease.

Question 7

Targeting eosinophils by active vaccination against interleukin-5 reduces basophil counts in horses with insect bite hypersensitivity in the 2nd year of vaccination

Answer 7

-IL-5 vaccination reduced eosinophil counts in longitudinal study, and basophil counts in the second year of vaccinaiton. Clinical signs also improved.
-long term study- 2 years of vacc (+1 placebo)-> long term evidence.

Question 8

Complete Genomic Characterization of Bovine Papillomavirus in Equine Sarcoids

Answer 8

cross-species transmission from cattle to horses seems to be an ongoing process, rather than an ancient occurrence that has been followed by the circulation of horse-adapted BPV variants in the horse population.
No unique equine host adapted strain on nanopore genome sequencing

Question 9

Interleukin 31 and Targeted Vaccination in a Case Series of Six Horses with Chronic Pruritus

Answer 9

IL-31 vaccine reduced clinical signs of pruritis in horses with CPUO by 76% (owner reported)

IL-31, MCP and TSLP were upregulated in pruritic skin (PCR) on affected horses

Was effective in horses previously only controlled by corticosteroids.