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PLAB 1 - Me > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Medication that can exacerbate psoriasis.

A

ACEi (-prils)

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2
Q

Auspitz’ Sign:

A

Superficial scraping of the lesion causes pinpoint bleed

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3
Q

Treatment of Psoriasis:

A

First Line:
- Topical Corticosteroid
- Emollients
- Vitamin D Analogues

Second Line:
- Phototherapy (PUVA)

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4
Q

Psoriatic Arthritis:

A
  • Symmetric Polyarthritis
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis pattern, but RF NEGATIVE
  • DIP most involved
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5
Q

Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis:

A

NSAIDS
DMARDs (Methotrexate, Sulfasalazine and Leflunomide)

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6
Q

Aspect of Plaque Psoriasis:

A

Plaques, covered in Silver scales

Most common type of Psoriasis

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7
Q

Aspect of Guttate Psoriasis:

A

Small (less than 1 cm), drop-shaped lesions

Usually dissapears completely after a few weeks. Some may go on to develop plaque psoriasis

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8
Q

What are the presentations of Liquen Planus?

A

Cutaneous Liquen Planus and Oral Liquen Planus

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9
Q

What is Erosive Liquen Planus?

A

A type of Oral Liquen Planus where, along with the striae, the patient develops painful ulcers that can last weeks or years

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10
Q

What is the presentation of Cutaneous Liquen Planus?

A

Purple
Pruritic
Papular
Polygonal Rash

Commonly seen on Flexor Surfaces

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11
Q

Management of Liquen Planus:

A

Symptomatic:
- Itching = Topical Steroids and Antihistamines

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12
Q

What is the presentation of Oral Liquen Planus?

A

White lacy pattern on buccal mucosa and sides of the tongue - Wickham Striae

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13
Q

What is Cellulitis?

A

An infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues, that has POORLY DEMARCATED BORDERS

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14
Q

Presentation of Cellulitis:

A
  • Erythema
  • Warmth
  • Swelling and pain on the affected limb

Most common in the Lower Limb

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15
Q

Risk Factors for Cellulitis:

A

Diabetes and Immunodeficiency

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16
Q

Cellulitis is commonly caused by which microorganism(s)?

A

Streptococcus and Staphylococcus

17
Q

Management of Cellulitis

A
  • Firts Line: Flucloxacilin 500 mg QDS
  • Penicilin allergy: Clarithromycin 500 BD
  • MRSA+: Vancomycin
  • Analgesics and limb elevation
18
Q

What is Erysipela

A

An infection of the upper dermis and upper subcutaneous tissues, with sharply demarcated borders

Common affected areas = Face - Leg - Arm

19
Q

What is the presentation of Erysipela?

A

Fiery-red, indurated, tense and shiny plaque
Burning sensation over the affected area

Commonly caused by: Streptococcus

20
Q

Management of Erysipela:

Treatment

A
  • First Line: Flucloxacilin 500mg QDS
  • Penicillin allergy: Erythomycin or Clarithromycin
  • Analgesics and Limb Elevation
21
Q

Presentation of Urticaria:

Urticaria = Hives

A

Skin rash with red, raised and itchy bumps

22
Q

Triggers for Urticaria

A
  • Allergies: food, drugs, bee sting
  • Skin contact with latex or metals
  • Rubbing the place
23
Q

Management of Urticaria

Treatment

A
  • Antihistamines: Ceterizine or Loratadine (non-sedating)
  • Calamine lotion
  • Oral Prednisolone (severe cases)
24
Q

Presentation of Malignant Melanoma:

Malignant Melanoma = Cancerous growth of melanocytes

A

A: Asymmetry
B: Border Irregularity
C: Colour Irregularity
D: Diameter >/= 7 mm
E: Evolving

Risk Factors: Sun exposure; fair skin
Melanomas can be raised of flat
Melanomas sometimes are itchy and can bleed
Can occur anywhere, including areas not exposed to sun

25
Q

Management of Malignant Melanoma

A

If presenting to GP Clinic: Refer Urgently to Dermatology
Early Stages: Surgical Excision
Late Stages: Radiation and Palliative Care

26
Q

When diagnosing a Malignant Melanoma, what parameter is most strongly correlated with prognosis?

A

Depth of Invasion (Breslow Thickness)

27
Q

What’s the most common skin cancer?

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

  • Head and Neck are most commonly involved
  • Least aggressive form of skin cancer
  • Often has tiny blood vessels (Telangectasias)
  • Can develop a central depression
  • Sometimes itchy and can bleed
  • Commonly located on sun-exposed areas: face, ears, neck
28
Q

Presentation of Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

Initially: Pearly Lesion
Later: Rodent Ulcer with an indurated and rolled edge and ulcerated center

Sun exposure is a risk factor

29
Q

Management of Basal Cell Carcinoma:

A

Surgical Excision
Mohs’ Micrographic Surgery

30
Q

Druga

A
31
Q
A
32
Q
A
33
Q
A

PLAB 1 - Me (1 decks)

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