Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Diseases Of Human Systems BDS3 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three layers of the skin

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name 4 functions of the skin

A

Provide an anatomical barrier
Main method of heat regulation
Sensory input form the body
Storage for lipids and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is commensal flora

A

Commensal flora is the normal colonisation that inhibits pathogens in a heathy host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normal skin has 50 million organisms whereas oily skin has about 500 million organisms.

What re some features of oily skin

A

They have more secretion from the sebaceous glands
The skin tends to become heavier and thicker
They are more at risk of pore blockages and therefore ‘spots and pimples’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a comedone

A

A comedone is essentially a blackhead.
It is a feature of acne vulgaris.

It is a build up of keratin and sebum and it turns’ black’ when the blocked pores oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a furuncle and what organism is it caused by

A

It is an infection of the skin, pockets filled with pus.

The organism involved is staphylococcus aures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If furuncles are grouped together what is this called

A

Carbuncles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Folliculitis is what

A

Furuncle in the hair follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What percentage of teenagers aged from 13-18 are affected by acne?

A

80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some causes of acne?

A

Follicular sensitivity to testosterone ( increase around puberty)

Propionibacterium acnes overgrows and leads to infections and cysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some things that can are acne worse

A

Certain contraceptive pills
Greasy skin cleaners
Some anticonvulsant drugs
Squeezing the spots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acne can be managed locally, how?

A

Reducing excess skin oil - cleanser

Antibacterial agents
- benzoyl peroxide
- antibiotic lotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If the local treatment of acne fails what other method can be used.

A

Antibiotics can be given - minocylin
Hormone manipulation can be used - anti-androgens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is erysipelas and what bacteria is it caused by

A

It is a skin infection involving the dermis layer of the skin, defined by a sharp raised border.

Caused by streptococcus pygenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Erysipelas is managed with systemic antibiotics ( oral or IV)
If this consditon is not managed what can it lead to ?

A

Necrotising fasciitis
Septic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Guess the disease

Highly infectious skin disease
Staphylococcal or streptococcal
Crusty red booster appearance
Often associated with eczema

A

Impetigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How is impetigo treated

A

Often with topical antibiotics (can be systemic)

Antibiotic found from culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name 4 bacteria infections of the skin

A

Furuncles
Acne
Erysipelas
Impetigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name 4 viral skin infections

A

Herpes simplex
Shingles
Molluscum Contagiosm
Warts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Herpes simplex infection affects single dermatome or adjacent dermatome. How is this infection activated and how is it treated

A

It is activatated by ‘trauma’
- physical, chemical, UV light, run down

It is treated with aciclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Shingles is also known as…

A

Herpes zoster infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Shingle affects a single dermatolome and causes significant pain. How do. We treat this

A

Treat with high dose aciclovir

23
Q

What is molluscum contagiosum, do we treat and who does it usually affect

A

Viral infection of the skin caused by MCV - pox virus
Resolves spontaneously in 1-2 years
Usually affects infants and small. Children

Clusters of smalll papules

24
Q

Human papilloma virus has many types, which types cause warts

A

1 -3

25
Q

HPV a well as causing warts can cause cervical cancer, what types are responsible for this?

A

16 and 18

26
Q

Athletes foot is. Typically a mixed bacterial and fungal infection, how does it present and how do we treate

A

It typically affects in between the toes - groin involvement also common

Scaling and sogginess of the skin
Prevent this by keeping skin clean and dry and damage freee

Treatment — miconazole

27
Q

What is onycholysis?

A

It is a nail bed fungal infection usually tinea unguium infection

The nail becomes thick and malformed and may crumble

28
Q

What condition would unguium be seen in

A

Onycholysis - fungal nail bed infection

29
Q

Despite its name ringworm doesn’t have anything to with worms, it is a fungal skin infection that presents as a red circular rash.
What three areas are commonly affected and what fungi is involved?

A

Groin - tinea Crusis

Body - tinea corporis

Scalp - tinea capittis

30
Q

What is the name of the fungal infection found due to chaffing in moist body folds and how do we treat it

A

Intertrigo

Treat with topical anti fungal cream - miconaazole

31
Q

Pityriasis versicolour results in patchy skin pigmentation and is usually caused by what

A

Pityrosporum orbiculare

Can be seen in cradle cap

32
Q

What are the two skin infestations

A

Scabies
Lice

33
Q

What is scabies caused by

A

Invasion of the scabies mite - sarcoptes scabiei

Skin to skin contact

34
Q

What are the most common signs of scabies

A

Skin rash and itchiness on trunk and limbs

35
Q

Wha is the treatment for scabies

A

Use chemical insecticides
Benzyl Benzoate

Apply to the whole body from chin down

36
Q

What are three types of lice

A

Head
Pubic
Body

37
Q

Name three inflammatory skin diseases

A

Eczema
Occupational dermatitis
Psoriasis

38
Q

Where does eczema most commonly affect?

A

Usually affects FLEXOR surfaces of skin or trunk

39
Q

Atopic eczema is the most common form of eczema, what are some features of it

A

Develops in childhood - usually improves with age
Tends to run n families
Associated with other atopic conditions such as hay fever and asth,a

40
Q

Other than atopic eczema what other kinds can you get

A

Contact - this is when there is contact with an allergen ( perfume soap)

Seborrhoeic - scalp and eyelashes ( serve dandruff )

Discoid - circular patches on the body

Gravitational - related to poor circulate in the legs

41
Q

What are some common triggers of eczema

A

Stress
Menstruation
Illnesss
Weather

42
Q

In eczema management how does a corticosteroids work

A

Removes the inflammation and allows the skin to return to normal

43
Q

What is occupational dermatitis

A

This is a reactio to an environmental agent
That usually results in a rash

44
Q

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease - the cause of which is unknown ( 2% of the population suffer from this)

What is it

A

Dysregualted epidermal proliferation
- new cells produced faster than the old cells are lost
- skim surface builds up and thickens

Red scaly patches that can become itchy

45
Q

There is not one cleat treatment for psoriasis, suggest some methods

A

Initially topical - emollients , topical steroid

PUVA

46
Q

What is PUVA with regards to psoriasis treatment

A

Psoralen UV light A

Topical drug activated by UV light

47
Q

What is the effect of systemic medication such as methotrexate or cicolosporin in psoriasis

A

These drugs reduce the cell turnover

48
Q

What happens in immunological. Skin disease

A

Auto-antibody attack on skin components causing loss of cell-cell adhesion
This causes a split to form in the skin which fills with inflammatory exudate - forming a blister

49
Q

Where does the skin and oral mucosa share many common antigens and epitopes with?

A

Genital mucosa

50
Q

Guess the diesease
-SUB epithelial antibody attach
Thick walled blisters - clear or blood filed

A

Pemphigoid

51
Q

What is pemphigus?

A

A disease causing blistering of the skin, oral mucosa, nose throat eyes and genital

52
Q

What kind of pemphigus affects the oral mucosa

A

Vulgaris

53
Q

What is epidermolysis bullosa and what problems can it cause

A

This is a group of conditions which cause the skin to blister easily

It can cause infection fluid loss and scarring

Diseases Of Human Systems BDS3 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions