Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Paediatrics > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary care management of acne vulgaris?

A

Topical benzoyl peroxide
Topical retinoid
Topical abx eg. clincamycin
Oral abx eg. lymecycline
COCP in females - co cyprindiol most effective but high risk VTE, only 1 yr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the secondary care management of acne vulgaris?

A

Oral retinoid eg. isotretinoin as last line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the SE of isotretinoin?

A

Dry skin and lips
Photosensitivity
Depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation
Stevens Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the maintenance of eczema?

A

Emollients as often as possible
Soap substitutes
Avoid triggers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is used in treating flares of eczema?

A

Thicker emollients
Topical steroids
Wet wraps and garments
IV abx or oral steroids if severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some secondary care options for managing eczema?

A

Topical tacrolimus
Phototherapy
Systemic immunosuppressants - oral steroids, methotrexate, azathioprine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the stages of emollient?

A

Thin - lotion
Middle - cream eg. E45, aveeno, cetraben, epaderm
Thick - emollient eg. epaderm ointment, hydromol ointment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the steroid ladder?

A

Mild - hydrocortisone - 0.5, 1 and 2%
Mod - eumovate - clobetasone 0.05%
Potent - betnovate - betamethasone 0.1%
V potent - dermovate - clobetasol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bacterial infection in eczema

A

Common due to skins protective barrier is broken down, most commonly S.aureus
Treat - oral fluclox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is eczema herpeticum?

A

Viral skin infection caused by HSV or VZV, normally in atopic aczema due to close contact w some w cold sore or having a cold sore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the presentation of eczema herpeticum?

A

Widespread painful vesicular rash, erythematous and burst vesicles = ulcer
Systemic sx - fever, lethargy, irritability, reduced oral intake, lymphadenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the management of eczema herpeticum?

A
  • Viral swabs or vesicles confirm dianosis
  • Aciclovir, oral if mild, IV if severe
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the complications of eczema herpeticum?

A

Life threatening if immunocompromised or not treated well
Can also have bacterial superinfection on top

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the different types of ringworm?

A

Tinea capitits - head
Tinea pedis - atheletes foot
Tinea cruris - groin
Tinea corporis - body
Onychomysosis - fungal nail infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does ringworm look like?

A

Itchy erythematous, scaly, well demarcated rash in rings or circles that spread outwards w well demarcated edge - red on outside clear in middle.
Capitis - hair loss
Onychomycosis - thickened, discoloured, deformed nails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the management of tinea?

A

Anti fungal cream - clotrimazole and miconazole
Anti fungal shampoo - ketoconazole
Oral anti fungals - fluconazole
Nail infection - amorolfine nail lacquer for 6-12 m or oral terbinafine
Topical steroid for itch

17
Q

What is impetigo?

A

Superficial bacterial skin infection caused by S.aureus when bacteria gets into skin.
- Non bullous - golden crust
- Bullous - fluid filled vesicles which burst = golden crust

18
Q

What is the management of non bullous impetigo?

A

Topical fusidic acid
Oral fluclox if wide spread or severe
Contagious !!! So stay off school until healed or on abx for 48 hours

19
Q

What is the management of bullous impetigo?

A

More common in <2 years and get systemic sx
Fluclox oral or IV
Isolation

20
Q

What are the complications of impetigo?

A

Cellulitis
Sepsis
Scarring
Post strep GN
Staph scaled skin syndrome
Scarlet fever

21
Q

What causes hand foot and mouth disease and what does it look like?

A

Coxscakie A virus
1. URTI sx
2. Oral ulcers
3. Blistering red spots across body, esp hand foot and mouth

22
Q

What is the management for hand foot and mouth disease?

A

Supportive management
Highly contagious - avoid towels and bedding, no school etc

23
Q

What are some complications of hand foot and mouth disease?

A

Dehydration
Bacterial superinfection
Encephalitis

24
Q

What is the management of headlice?

A

Dimeticone lotion can be put on hair for 8 hours then washed off, then again 7 days later
Bug Buster kit - fine combing out lice out

25
Q

What does a scabies rash look like?

A

Itchy!!!! small red spots and burrow marks, normally between finger webs but can spread to whole body

26
Q

What is the management of scabies?

A
  • Permethrin cream over whole body for 8-12 hours and then wash off, then repeat again 7 days later
  • Oral ivermectin single dose if difficult to treat
  • Treat all household and close contacts
  • Wash linens
  • Itching can continue for 4 weeks - antihistamines
27
Q

What is crusted scabies?

A

Serious scabies infestation in immunocompromised pt - v contagious. Not as itchy as little immune response.
Scaly plaques of skin.
Oral ivermectin and isolation

28
Q

What are the RF of nappy rash?

A

Delayed changing of nappies
Irritant soap or rough cleaning
Bad nappies
Diarrhoea
Oral abx = candida

29
Q

Nappy rash vs candida infection

A

Candida - rash into skin folds, larger red macules w demarcated border, rash spreads outwards, satellite lesions

30
Q

What is the management of nappy rash?

A
  • Better nappies and better nappy changing
  • Gentle products for cleaning and then dry the area before replacing the nappy
  • As much time as possible no nappy
    Candida - antifungals
31
Q

What is infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis? How do you treat?

A

Cradle cap - crusted flaky scalp that is self limiting.
Treat - gentle brushing of scalp w baby oil and then wash, vaseline at night. Then clotrimazole or miconazole for up to 4w

32
Q

What are the CF of molluscum contagiosum?

A
  • Viral cause
  • Small flesh coloured papules w central dimple
  • Resolve themselves w/o any treatment but may take 18m, immunocompromised = specialist
33
Q

Stevens Johnson syndrome vs toxic epidermal necrolysis

A

SJS - <10% body affected, TEN - >10% of body affected

34
Q

What are the causes of SJS?

A

Meds - anti epileptics, abx, allopurinol, NSAIDs
Infections - herpes simplex, mycoplasma pneumonia, CMV, HIV

35
Q

What are the CF of SJS?

A
  • Non specific sx first = fever, cough, sore throat, mouth, eyes and ithcy skin
  • Purple red rash that spreads across skin
  • Skin begins to blister and then break away = raw tissue
  • Pain, erythema and blistering of the lips of mucous membranes
  • Eyes = ulcered and inflam
36
Q

What is the management of SJS?

A

Medical emergency:
- Admit
- Supportive
- Steroids
- Immunoglobulins and immunosuppressants

37
Q

What are the complications of SJS?

A
  • Cellulitis and sepsis - bacteria get in through the broken skin
  • Permanent skin damage - scarring
  • visual complications if eye involved

Paediatrics (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions