Dermatology Flashcards
Benzoyl Peroxide - How to use it
Apply to skin 1-2 times a day, preferably after washing with soap and water, and start treatment with lower-strength preparations.
Benzoyl Peroxide - Caution & Contraindication
Caution and contraindications:
- Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients.
- Avoid contact with broken skin, eyes, mouth and mucous membranes
Benzoyl Peroxide - Side Effects
- Skin irritation (dryness, discomfort, erythema, peeling and blistering) - reduce frequency or stop use until irritation settles then re-introduce at reduced concentration or frequency.
- Allergic contact dermatitis to benzoyl peroxide — consider if itching and swelling of the eyes occurs.
- Increased risk of sunburn — if sun exposure is unavoidable, an appropriate sunscreen or protective clothing should be used.
- May bleach fabrics and hair.
Benzoyl Peroxide - Combination with other drugs
- Usually combined with topical antibiotic (e.g., Duac)
- ->If two separate products are used, they should be applied 12 hours apart. Benzoyl peroxide at night and the topical antibiotics in the morning.
- Could also be combined with topical retinoid. Especially in maintenance of acne
- -> Apply once daily, 12 hours apart. Topical retinoid at night and benzoyl peroxide in the morning.
Topical Retinoids - Indication
Acne
Topical Retinoids - Examples
Adapalene and tretinoin
Topical Retinoids - Side Effects
- Skin irritation: discomfort, blistering of skin, burning, crusting, dryness, peeling, erythema, oedema, pruritus, stinging, contact dermatitis and temporary changes of skin pigmentation.
- Eye irritation.
- Increased sensitivity to UV light
Topical Retinoids - Contraindication & Caution
- Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients.
Avoid in:
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding
- Severe acne, perioral dermatitis, rosacea or a personal or family history of non-melanoma skin cancer.
- Accumulation in angles of the nose and contact with eyes, nostrils, mouth and mucous membranes, eczematous, broken or sunburned skin.
- Exposure to excess UV light (including sunlight and solariums)
Topical Retinoids - How to use it
- Once daily or twice daily depending on agent used.
- Used sparingly and not just on visible spots
If the person has sensitive skin, initiate therapy
Topical Retinoids - Interactions
- Systemic absorption may follow topical application of isotretinoin and prescribers should be aware of the possibility of interactions
- Other retinoids or drugs with a similar mode of action should not be used concurrently.
- Avoid use of topical retinoids with abrasive cleaners, comedogenic or astringent cosmetics.
Topical Antibiotics - Examples
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Topical Retinoids - Indication
Acne
Topical Retinoids - Examples
Adapalene and tretinoin
Topical Retinoids - Side Effects
- Skin irritation: discomfort, blistering of skin, burning, crusting, dryness, peeling, erythema, oedema, pruritus, stinging, contact dermatitis and temporary changes of skin pigmentation.
- Eye irritation.
- Increased sensitivity to UV light
Topical Retinoids - Contraindication & Caution
- Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients.
Avoid in:
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding
- Severe acne, perioral dermatitis, rosacea or a personal or family history of non-melanoma skin cancer.
- Accumulation in angles of the nose and contact with eyes, nostrils, mouth and mucous membranes, eczematous, broken or sunburned skin.
- Exposure to excess UV light (including sunlight and solariums)
