Dermatologic emergencies Flashcards
True or false: dog and cat bites are lacerations?
False
They are punctures, not lacerations
What does a puncture do?
Close and trap bacteria
Can go very deep with minimal skin surface disruption
What should you do when an animal is covered in blood?
Should wear gloves as this could be human blood
Complete examination- there may be wounds penetrating _____,______ or ______
CNS, chest or abdomen
What do you treat first?
Any life threatening injury first
What do you watch for?
Shock
Pneumothorax
Exploratory laparotomy
Specialized bandaging
Antibiotics
What are first degree burns?
Involves entire epidermis
Skin firmly attached
Vesicles
Pain
What are second degree burn?
Partial thickness
Painful
Hair maybe intact
Severe sub q edema
Sloughing of skin
Heals slowly
What are third degree burns?
Full thickness
Entire skin is destroyed
Hair falls out
Skin is black/ pearly white
Grafting required
How is the prognosis for burns?
<15% of the body, 2-3 degree - fair
15-20% of the body, 2-3 degree-fair to poor
>50% of the body, 2-3 degree- poor to guarded
What is the treatment and care for burns?
Analgesic
Wound care
Silver sulfadiazine
Antibiotics
Iv fluids
Temp regulation/ nutritional support
Possible skin graft
What can happen to the blood vessel during frost bite?
Temperature drops, blood vessels constrict to conserve heat
What happens over time with colder temperature?
Blood supply can be lost, heat is lost, and tissue will freeze
T or F: When cats get abscesses it’s usually indoor cats?
False
Usually outside cats
What can be seen when a cat has an abscesses?
Obvious swelling, lameness, sore to touch
What to do with an abscess?
Clip, scrub, lance, drain, flush and debride
What test can we do when a cat has an abscess?
FelV/FIV test
What are some plant material cutaneous foreign bodies?
Cactus spines
Thorns
Foxtails
Gross awns
What are some metal object?
Nails
Fish hooks
Bullets
Wood splinter
Collars
Rubber bands
Bee stingers
Porcupine quills
What are some inflammatory conditions with acute Otitis externa and aural hematoma?
Atopy
Ear mites
Food allergy
Bacterial infection
Fungal infection
F.B
This can lead to ______ and _______ of the branches of the auricular artery
Self trauma and rupture
What is the treatment for aural hematoma?
Flush ear canal and treat
Analgesic/ anti- inflammatory
Surgical drainage
How does acute moist dermatitis start?
Starts with small scratch bite that will lead to licking and scratching
T or F: The surface organism will increase
True
What would an acute moist dermatitis look like?
Hairless, moist, red, exudative, definite border
What is the treatment?
Steroid- short acting
Antibiotics- systemic and topical
Medi- collar
What will the patient present with urticaria and angioedema?
Present with swelling of the muzzle, eyelids and facial folds
How long will it take to occur?
Occurs within minutes of exposure
How can this occur?
Allergen, venomous insect or vaccine
What can this lead to?
Anaphylaxis or airway constricion if not treated
What is the treatment?
Steroid and antihistamine
