Dermatologic emergencies

Question 1

True or false: dog and cat bites are lacerations?

Answer 1

False
They are punctures, not lacerations

Question 2

What does a puncture do?

Answer 2

Close and trap bacteria
Can go very deep with minimal skin surface disruption

Question 3

What should you do when an animal is covered in blood?

Answer 3

Should wear gloves as this could be human blood

Question 4

Complete examination- there may be wounds penetrating _____,______ or ______

Answer 4

CNS, chest or abdomen

Question 5

What do you treat first?

Answer 5

Any life threatening injury first

Question 6

What do you watch for?

Answer 6

Shock
Pneumothorax
Exploratory laparotomy
Specialized bandaging
Antibiotics

Question 7

What are first degree burns?

Answer 7

Involves entire epidermis
Skin firmly attached
Vesicles
Pain

Question 8

What are second degree burn?

Answer 8

Partial thickness
Painful
Hair maybe intact
Severe sub q edema
Sloughing of skin
Heals slowly

Question 9

What are third degree burns?

Answer 9

Full thickness
Entire skin is destroyed
Hair falls out
Skin is black/ pearly white
Grafting required

Question 10

How is the prognosis for burns?

Answer 10

<15% of the body, 2-3 degree - fair
15-20% of the body, 2-3 degree-fair to poor
>50% of the body, 2-3 degree- poor to guarded

Question 11

What is the treatment and care for burns?

Answer 11

Analgesic
Wound care
Silver sulfadiazine
Antibiotics
Iv fluids
Temp regulation/ nutritional support
Possible skin graft

Question 12

What can happen to the blood vessel during frost bite?

Answer 12

Temperature drops, blood vessels constrict to conserve heat

Question 13

What happens over time with colder temperature?

Answer 13

Blood supply can be lost, heat is lost, and tissue will freeze

Question 14

T or F: When cats get abscesses it’s usually indoor cats?

Answer 14

False
Usually outside cats

Question 15

What can be seen when a cat has an abscesses?

Answer 15

Obvious swelling, lameness, sore to touch

Question 16

What to do with an abscess?

Answer 16

Clip, scrub, lance, drain, flush and debride

Question 17

What test can we do when a cat has an abscess?

Answer 17

FelV/FIV test

Question 18

What are some plant material cutaneous foreign bodies?

Answer 18

Cactus spines
Thorns
Foxtails
Gross awns

Question 19

What are some metal object?

Answer 19

Nails
Fish hooks
Bullets
Wood splinter
Collars
Rubber bands
Bee stingers
Porcupine quills

Question 20

What are some inflammatory conditions with acute Otitis externa and aural hematoma?

Answer 20

Atopy
Ear mites
Food allergy
Bacterial infection
Fungal infection
F.B

Question 21

This can lead to ______ and _______ of the branches of the auricular artery

Answer 21

Self trauma and rupture

Question 22

What is the treatment for aural hematoma?

Answer 22

Flush ear canal and treat
Analgesic/ anti- inflammatory
Surgical drainage

Question 23

How does acute moist dermatitis start?

Answer 23

Starts with small scratch bite that will lead to licking and scratching

Question 24

T or F: The surface organism will increase

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What would an acute moist dermatitis look like?

Answer 25

Hairless, moist, red, exudative, definite border

Question 26

What is the treatment?

Answer 26

Steroid- short acting
Antibiotics- systemic and topical
Medi- collar

Question 27

What will the patient present with urticaria and angioedema?

Answer 27

Present with swelling of the muzzle, eyelids and facial folds

Question 28

How long will it take to occur?

Answer 28

Occurs within minutes of exposure

Question 29

How can this occur?

Answer 29

Allergen, venomous insect or vaccine

Question 30

What can this lead to?

Answer 30

Anaphylaxis or airway constricion if not treated

Question 31

What is the treatment?

Answer 31

Steroid and antihistamine