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Ex3 Phys/Pathophys > Dermapathology > Flashcards

Dermapathology Flashcards

1
Q

What skin condition describes macules or patches of skin with loss of pigment?

Where does it present?

A

Vitiligo

Hands, wrists, perioral and anogenital regions

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2
Q

Hashimoto thyroiditis (hypothyroid), type 1 diabetes, addison disease (low cortisol, low aldo) can cause what skin condition?

A

Vitiligo

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3
Q

Hyperpigmented lesions that darken with sunlight are called?

A

Freckles

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4
Q

Hyperpigmented lesion due to increased number of melanocytes along the basement membrane that does not darken with sunlight is called what?

A

Lentigo

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5
Q

Chronic or acute last a few days to several weeks?

A

Acute

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6
Q

Microscopic findings neutrophils, edema, epidermal, vascular or subcutaneous injury

Acute or chronic?

A

Acute

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7
Q

Type I immune reaction-allergic that consists of hives, puritic disease of short duration?

A

Urticaria

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8
Q

Local accumulation and degranulation of mast cells with histamine release and edema
is a finding in what skin condition?

A

Urticaria

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9
Q

Pruritic nodule, edematous swelling (wheals) and plaques, formation of bullae with perivascular edema is?

A

Urticaria

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10
Q

Which skin condition is Caused by drugs, household exposures(new soaps etc), insect bites and foods?

A

Urticaria

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11
Q

A measles-like rash is called a

A

Morbilliform rash

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12
Q

This type of rash is a reaction to a drug (especially antibiotics) and starts on the chest and back and moves outward?

A

Morbilliform rash

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13
Q

Exanthem or enanthem?

This rash is widespread, body-wide maculopapular rash (measles like) that occurs post-viral?

A

Exanthem

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14
Q

Exanthem or enanthem?

This rash often occurs in the mouth or on mucous membranes due to HSV-1 and is vesicular, occurs post viral

A

Enanthem

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15
Q

This skin condition is characterized by erythema, edema, and vesicle formation, can progress to oozing and crusting of papules and vesicles, and consists of chronic-raised plaques

A

Acute eczematous dermatitis

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16
Q

Microscopy on this skin condition shows distinct eosinophilia and epidermal spongiosis

A

Acute eczematous dermatitis

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17
Q

Pathology of this skin condition has antigen take up by Lengerhans cell and is presented to Tcell, upon reexposure T cells release cytokines

A

Acute eczematous dermatitis

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18
Q

Allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, irritant related dermatitis are all types of

A

Acute eczematous dermatitis

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19
Q

This skin condition is a hypersensitivity reaction to infections(HSV-90% of cases,mycoplasma), drugs (sulfonamides, penicillin, salicylates). Can be seen in carcinomas and collagen vascular diseases.

A

Erythema multiforme

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20
Q

Macules, papules, vesicles and bullae=multiforme, usually symmetric **involvement of extremities are findings of what skin condition?

A

Erythema multiforme

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21
Q

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a form of what skin condition?

A

Erythema multiforme

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22
Q

What skin condition consists of fever,
involves lips and oral mucosa,
Risk of secondary infection leading to sepsis
<10% of epidermal detachment

A

Stevens-Johnson syndrome-EM major

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23
Q

What skin condition consists of diffuse sloughing and necrosis of cutaneous and mucosal epithelium?

A

Toxic epidermal necrolysis

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24
Q

This skin condition shows diffuse epidermal necrosis leading to blister formation, perivascular lymphocytes and dermal edema
>30% epidermal detachment

A

Toxic epidermal necrolysis

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25
Anti-psychotic meds are risky for what skin condition?
SJS
26
These skin conditions last for several months to years (acute/chronic)?
Chronic
27
Does chronic inflammation lead to thinning or thickening of skin?
Thickening
28
This skin condition involves epidermis and dermis with epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis
Psoriasis
29
Red plaques covered with silvery white scales are indicative of what condition?
Psoriasis
30
Removal of scales in psoriasis causes petechial bleeding _______ sign
Auspitz
31
What skin condition commonly affects elbows, knees, scalp and lumbosacral region, may involve nails-pitting?
Psoriasis
32
This skin condition consists of elongated dermal papillae with thinning of overlying epidermis
Psoriasis
33
Related to ankylosing spondylitis | Positive for HLA B27
Psoriatic arthritis
34
This skin condition consists of a pruritic vesicular dermatosis with burning and itching lesions on extensor surfaces, knees, elbows, back and buttocks
Dermatitis herpetiformis
35
What skin condition is related to gluten insensitivity?
Dermatitis herpetiformis
36
Microscopy of this skin condition shows cleft formation with dense neutrophilic infiltration and microabscess formation
Dermatitis herpetiformis
37
Antiendomysial IgA antibody in serum relates to what skin condition?
Dermatitis herpetiformis *igA is in the intestinal tract (hence why this condition is related to celiac)
38
What skin condition? Moist or greasy macule and papule on erythematous base, scales and crusts Dandruff and cradle cap are forms
Seborrheic dermatitis
39
This skin condition has a tan to dark brown papule with stuck on appearance and can be flat or raised, sharply demarcated lesion with pink to brownish black pigmentation. It is benign!
Seborrheic keratosis
40
Microscopy of this skin condition involves sheets of basal-like cells,hyperkeratosis, keratin-filled cysts
Seborrheic keratosis *mc in middle aged and older adults
41
Melanoma can mimic this skin condition?
Seborrheic keratosis
42
This precancerous lesion is rough, sandpaper like lesion-can produce horn
Actinic keratosis
43
Microscopy of this skin condition shows dysplasia of keritinocytes in basal portion of epidermis
Actinic keratosis
44
This type of keratosis is caused by UV light ie sun exposure
Actinic
45
Bullae involving oral mucosa and skin with a general microscopic finding is acantholysis which leads to bullae formation
Blistering (Bullous) Diseases
46
Two types of Blistering (Bullous) Diseases?
Pemphigus and Pemphigoid
47
This skin condition is begin on oral mucosa with later involvement of skin of scalp, face, chest, axillae and groin *Antibody to demoglein 3 (intacellular cement)
Pemphigus vulgaris
48
This skin condition shows flaccid bullae which readily rupture leaving erosion=Nikolsky sign positive on exam
Pemphigus vulgaris
49
Which skin condition shows Nikolsky sign positive?
Pemphigus vulgaris
50
Which skin condition shows Nikolsky sign negative?
Bullous Pemphigoid *Bullae do not rupture as easily
51
Microscopy of this skin condition shows suprabasal bullae with intercellular deposits of IgG and C#
Pemphigus vulgaris
52
This is a type of pemphigoid that has an antibody against hemodesmosomes and is in a linear pattern at basement membrane on microscopy
Bullous Pemphigoid
53
Is the oral mucosa involved more in pemphigoid or pemphigus?
Pemphigus
54
This skin condition shows nests of uniform round cells with inconspicuous mucleoli and few if any mitotic figures
Nevi
55
Do nevi erupting in areas of the body not exposed to the sun and occurring after age 30 need evaluation for malignancy?
YES- early detection is key
56
Nevi with cellular atypia without invasion is what type of nevus?
Dysplastic
57
This nevus is a precursor to melanoma and has variable pigmentation, >5mm in size with irregular borders
Dysplastic nevi
58
Microscopy of this type of nevus is same as general nevus with fusion and coalescence of nest cells. Cellular atypia present
Dysplastic nevi
59
This type of nevus syndrome has autosomal dominant with high penetrance
Dysplastic nevus syndrome
60
Dysplastic nevus syndrome puts you at risk for what type of cancer? (besides melanoma)
Increased risk of pancreatic cancer
61
This benign nevus has deep dermal involvement with blue pigmentation due to deep involvement and melanocyte involvement
Blue Nevus
62
What type of nevus is mc in asian>caucasian>af am?
Blue Nevus
63
Most common type of skin cancer
Basal cell carcinoma
64
This type of carcinoma has progressive invasion of surrounding tissue but does not metastasize
Basal cell carcinoma
65
Flat,pearly papule with subepidermal blood vessels(telangiectasia), occasional scaly edge, well circumsribed, can ulcerate are characteristics of what?
Basal cell carcinoma
66
Nests of neoplastic cells resembling basal epidermal cells, embedded in mucoid matrix
Basal cell carcinoma
67
How do you treat basal cell carcinoma?
Treatable with excision
68
Second most common type of skin cancer
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
69
Actinic keratosis is precursor | to what type of carcinoma?
Actinic keratosis is precursor to melanoma
70
Sharply circumscribed, soft or firm red nodules with a crusted center, painless nodule , may ulcerate are characteristics of what disease?
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
71
Microscopy of what shows invasive squamous cells into dermis, keratin pearls and intracellular bridges
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
72
What marker do we look at in malignant melanoma to see how well the pt is responding to treatment?
S-100 tumor marker
73
This skin condition is caused by UV radiation that damages DNA of melanocytes
Malignant Melanoma
74
Which is worse for metastisis? Vertical or radical (horizontal growth)?
Vertical
75
Microscopy that involves large cells with prominent nucleoli forming poorly defined nests are characteristic of what?
Malignant Melanoma
76
What criteria do we look at for Melanoma and what number tells us that the prognosis is favorable?
Staging –depth of penetration important-Breslow Criteria <1.7 mm favorable prognosis
77
Urticaria, acute eczematous dermatitis and erythema multiforme are acute or chronic conditions?
Acute
78
Which acute skin condition is igE mediated?
Urticaria
79
Name two variants of erythema multiforme
SJS and toxic epidermal necrolysis

Ex3 Phys/Pathophys (4 decks)

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