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Derma all quiz Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what do the patient need to avoid while beeing treated for C. trachomatis with doxycyclin?

A

Sunlight due to increased photo sensitivity

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2
Q

name a non STI cause of urethritis?

A

Reiters syndrom

arthritis, urethritis, conjuctivitis

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3
Q

NGU treatment

A

azithromycin
doxycycling
per os x7 days

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4
Q

GU treatment

A

ceftriaxon IM once

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5
Q

trachoma vaginalis treatment

A

metronidazole

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6
Q

medical name of vaginal discharge?

A

physiologic leukorrhea

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7
Q

normal vaginal pH?

A

3.8-4,7

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8
Q

pathology when vaginal pH above 4,7?

A

Bacterial vaginosis

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9
Q

pathology when vaginal pH above 5.2

A

Trichomonasis

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10
Q

Tx vaginal bacteriosis

A

topical clindamycin

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11
Q

Tx vulvovaginal candidosis

A

topical azoles

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12
Q

why must vaginal swap not be taken from cervix in diagnosis?

A

bec. above 4.7 pH is pathologic i vagina but up to 5.0 is physiologic in cervix

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13
Q

cells seen in bacterial vaginosis?

A

Clue cells (epithelial cells covered in bacteria)

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14
Q

ten functions of skin

A

name them

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15
Q

size of skin

A

2m2

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16
Q

urticaria

A

IgE mediated pruritic edema in dermis

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17
Q

treatment of chronic urticaria

A
  1. parental antihistamin and locar antihistamin (last not preffered)
  2. paretal GC
  3. epinephrin IM 0.3-0.5mg IM
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18
Q

name a strong drug against urticaria

A

doxepin/hydroxyzine

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19
Q

why oral antihistamil in urticaria?

A

spreads so dont treat locally

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20
Q

what is eczema?

A

A form of dermatitis - inflammation of epidermis

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21
Q

eczema vs psoriasis?

A

eczema on flexor

psoriasis on extensor

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22
Q

exogenous eczemas? (4)

A

irritative contact dermatitis
allergic contact dermatitis
photosensitiv eczema
Lichen simplex

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23
Q

symptomes of chronic allergic contact dermatitis

A

lichinification

fissures

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24
Q

lichen simplex

A

eczema due to scratching (no underlying dermatitis)

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25
Q

endogenous eczemas? (6)

A 
atopic dermatitis 
seborrhaic dermatitis 
dyshidrosis
eczema microbicum /nummural
stasis dermatitis 
asteatotic dermatitis
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26
Q

dyshidrosis

A

dermatitis of hands due to constant washing, tinea, nikkel

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27
Q

what is seen in atopic dermatitis as etiology?

A

Genetic
Increasec IgE
Filaggrin mutation

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28
Q

Name two spescial named signs in atopic dermatitis

A

Hertogen sign (loss of lateral eyebrow )
Denni-Morgan sign (infraorbital folds)
Dermatographism (white when stroking)

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29
Q

two criteria types in atopic dermatitis

A
  1. Hanifin and Rajka criteria (SCORAD)
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30
Q

atopic dermatitis treatment

A

mild: topical steroids and calcineurin inhibitors
severe: cyclosporin, dupilumab, antihistamin

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31
Q

how long can you use cyclosporins?

A

not more then one year

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32
Q

drug eruption vs adverse cutaneous drug reaction

A

Drug induced skin reaction resolving on its own vs. fatal skin reaction

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33
Q

types of drug eruptions?

A

TEN
erythroderma
Anti-convulsant HS syndrom

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34
Q

erythroderma

A

almost whole skin is red, tighness and pruritis + non spesific

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35
Q

TEN clinical

A

dubepidermal blisters, pruritis, burning, MOF, sepsis + non spesific

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36
Q

anti-convulsant hypersensitivity syndrom

A

rash, fever, LAD, MOF

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37
Q

anti-convulsant hypersensitivity syndrom

A

rash, fever, LAD, MOF

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38
Q

cutaneous drug reaction urticaria

A

NSAID, aspirin, penicillin

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39
Q

cutaneous drug reaction anaphylaxis

A

AB, contrast medium

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40
Q

cutaneous drug reaction acneiform

A

GC, anabolic steroids, contraceptivs

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41
Q

cutaneous drug reaction TEN

A

NSAID, penicillin, carbamazapen

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42
Q

cutaneous drug reaction erythroderma

A

allopurisol

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43
Q

cutaneous drug reaction anti-convulsant HS syndrom

A

carbamazapen (anticonvulsant drug)

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44
Q

impetigo types my staff/strep

A

staff: bullous
strep: non-bullous

45
Q

treatment of impetigo, folliculitis, furuncle, carbulcle

A

mupiricin or fusidin locally

penicillin, cephlosporin or doxycycling systemic

46
Q

erysipelas definition and cause

A

superficial skin infection in upper dermis. By str. pyogenis

47
Q

treatment of erysiphelas

A

must be systemic: aminopenicillin, clindamycin

48
Q

erysipelas skin sign

A

red, hot, swollen unilateral

49
Q

subtypes of erysiplelas

A

hemorrhagic
gangrenosum
vesicolor
erythromatous

50
Q

erysipelas vs cellulitis

A

cellulitis is deeper into subcuris, not raised leasion and diffuse borders. may have bullae and superficial necrosis

51
Q

complications of erysipleas

A

necrotizing faciitis

lymphangitis

52
Q

exogenous cutaneous tuberculosis

A

tuberculosis verrucosa

primary Tb inoculation

53
Q

endogenous cutaneous tuberculosis

A
  1. lupus vulgaris
  2. scrofuderma
  3. tuberculid
  4. Miliary Tb
54
Q

antibiotic in Tb RIPES

A 
rifamficin 
isoniazid
pyrazinamid
ethanbutol
streptomycin
55
Q

stages in lymes disease

A
  1. localized lymes disease
  2. early disseminated
  3. late disseminated
56
Q

treatment of lymes disease

A
  1. doxycyclin 100mg/x2 day 2w
  2. amoxicillin 500mh x3 day 2w
  3. ceftriaxon 2g/day in CNS involvment
57
Q

pompholyx

A

dyshidrotic eczema

58
Q

pompholyx treatment

A

prednisolon 70mg/day 1-2w
wet dressing
topical CS

59
Q

what causes onchomycosis?

A

trichopyton rubrun - tinea unguium

60
Q

how does the trichophyton eat in onychomycosis?

A

eat keratin of the nail

61
Q

diagnosing onchoycosis?

A

KOH preparation of nailclipping

or PAS stain

62
Q

treatment of onychomycosis?

A

litraconazole 100mg/day

terbinafin 250mg/day

63
Q

what is tinea?

A

disease caused by dermatophytes

64
Q

dermatophytes (3)

A

trichophyton
epidermophyton
microsporum

65
Q

name of fungi infection on skin, hair, nail

A

skin: epidermatomycosis
hair: trichomyosis
nail: onychomycosis

66
Q

what is microsporia?

A

superficial mycoses

  • malassezia
  • candida
  • dermatophytes
67
Q

cause of pityriasis vesicolor?

A

malassezia furfur fungi (yest)

68
Q

how does malassezia cause color change?

A

degrade lipids releasing acids that damages melanocyte.

69
Q

where is the malassezia fungi in out skin?

A

corneum layer (superficial)

70
Q

pityriasis vesicolor treatment

A
  1. selenium sulphide
  2. terbinafine
  3. ketoconazole
71
Q

Leishmania

A

flesh eating protozoa

72
Q

types of leishmania?

A

braziliensis - mucocutaneous
tropica - cutaneous
donovani -visceral

73
Q

treatment for leishmaniosis

A

stebogluconate (T bone)

amphotericin B

74
Q

tuberculoid leprosy clinical and treatment

A

large hypopigmented/erythematous plaques. Loss of hair, sweatglands and nerves at site so painless.
Dapson 5 yrs

75
Q

lepromatous leprosy clinical and treatment

A

neuropathy, raised plaques on extensor, facial disformaty (thick nodular skin) lions face
Treatment Rifamficin 3 yrs, Dapson forever

76
Q

most common leprosy?

A

undetermined leprosy

erythematous/hypopigmented scaling leasions

77
Q

HPV warts?

A 
verruca vulgaris (common)
verruca plantaris (foot)
verruva plana (flat) (face hands)
condyloma acc (genital)
78
Q

define a wart

A

firm hyperkeratotic papule in corneum with vegitations

79
Q

HPV 1-4

A

verruca vulgaris

80
Q

HPV 6, 11

A

pharyngeal papilomatosis

comdyloma accumulata

81
Q

HPV 16, 18, 31, 33

A

adenocarcinoma

squamous cell carsinoma

82
Q

HPV vaccine

A

Gardicil

83
Q

HPV viru attacks

A

E6 - p53

E7 - RB

84
Q

collagen in skin

A

1 (most)
3
17 (hemidesmosomes

85
Q

drugs that can cause TEN

A

aminopenicillin
rifamficin
trimetroprime

86
Q

what causes the necrosis in TEN

A

t-cell release of GRANULYSIN

87
Q

what is erythroderma?

A

exfoliate dermatitis covering almost whole skin

88
Q

antibodies in Lupus

A

ANA
anti-SSA/anti-SSB (SCLE / neonatal)
anti dsDNA (SLE)
c1q antibodies (urticaria, vasculitis, nephritis)

89
Q

biologic treatmend lupus?

A

belimumab

90
Q

treatment of lupus BAM BAM BAM

A 
topical CC 
oral CC 
IV CC 
antimalarian drugs 
bilogi: belimumab 
methtrexat
91
Q

enzymes in dermatomyositis

A

CPK
GOT
LDH
GPT

92
Q

poykiloderma

A

pepper and salt skin (hype and hyperpogmented spots

93
Q

dermatomyositis treatment

A

CS: prednisolon
methotrexat
azithroprin
IVIG

94
Q

skinsymptomes in dermatomyositis

A

symmetrical eryth. rash

  • helitrope rash
  • malar rash (+nasal fold)
  • V sign on chest
  • Holster sign tighs
95
Q

keratoachantoma

trichoepitilioma

A
  1. tumor around glands of hairfollicles

2. benings tumor of hairfollicle

96
Q

chemo in BCC

A

imiquimod

97
Q

cells of squamous cell carcinoma origin

A

st. spinosum sq cells

98
Q

lentigo

A

a small, sharply circumscribed, pigmented macule surrounded by normal-appearing skin.

99
Q

morphology of bowen syndrom

A

erythematous, scaly irregular

100
Q

mycosis fungiosis morphology?

A

well-demarcated skin plaques which eventually grow to form mushroom like tumors (hence name)

101
Q

two key words in psoriasis

A

parakeratosis

acanthosis

102
Q

types of psoriasis

A 
plaque
erythroderma
guttat 
palmosolar 
inverse
103
Q

lichen planus morphology

A 
Purple
Poligonal
Pruritic
Papuler 
wickham stria
104
Q

lichen planus etiology

A

idiopathis cytotoxic t-cell activation due to keratocyte MHI I ag presentation –> achantosis due to killing of keratocytes

105
Q

treatment against Lichen planus

A

topical steroid: Bethametason

106
Q

pityriasis rosea

A

self limiting erythema by HH7

107
Q

treatment in acne

A

mild: benoyl peroxide, retinoid
severe: isotretionine

108
Q

types of acne

A

hidradenitid (hairfollicle)
neonatal
acne vulgaris (inf/non-inf)

Dermatology (1 decks)

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