Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fall 2014 - Pharm Intro Unit > Derm Therapies: Principles and Dosage Forms > Flashcards

Derm Therapies: Principles and Dosage Forms Flashcards

1
Q

What must be taken into account when determining an appropriate patient-specific approach?

A
  • safety
  • practicality
  • expense
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vehicle

A

substance in which the active ingredient is carried

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the characteristics of an ideal vehicle?

A
  • easy to apply
  • non allergenic
  • nontoxic
  • nonirritating
  • non dehydrating
  • non-greasy
  • chemically stable and non-reactive
  • cosmetically appearing
  • bacteriostatic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ointment

A
  • inert base such as petrolatum

- most are water-in-oil emulsions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Application of Ointments

A
  • clean and dry qday
  • thin layer
  • rub completely into skin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Benefits of Ointments

A
  • retains moisture

- lubricates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Disadvantages of Ointments

A
  • not on acutely inflamed lesions or intertriginous areas
  • promotes bacterial growth
  • cosmetically unpleasant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Use and Example of Ointment

A
  • for dermatitis

- hydrocortisone ointment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cream

A

oil in water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Application of Cream

A
  • clean and dry qday
  • thin layer
  • rub completely into skin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Benefits of Cream

A
  • non occlusive

- cosmetically appealing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Disadvantages of Cream

A
  • harder to apply than lotions or gels
  • messy
  • most people use too much
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Use and Example of Cream

A
  • tinea corporis

- clotrimazole cream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Gel

A
  • semi solid emulsion of oil in water

- contains propylene glycol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Application of Gel

A
  • usually bid

- rub into skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Benefits of Gel

A
  • quick drying
  • clear
  • non-staining
  • best for hairy areas, face
  • non oily
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Disadvantages of Gel

A

drying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Use and Example of Gel

A
  • acne

- benzoyl peroxide

19
Q

Lotion

A
  • suspension or solution of powder in water base

- often with alcohol or astringents

20
Q

Application of Lotions

A
  • apply tid or qid
  • remove qd
  • 6 ounces should cover one adult
21
Q

Benefits of Lotion

A
  • cooling effect
  • non-occlusive
  • can be used over large area
  • drying
22
Q

Disadvantages of Lotions

A
  • avoid hairy areas
  • avoid on weeping sores or oozing areas
  • not useful for dry skin
23
Q

Uses and Examples of Lotions

A
  • acne, benzoyl peroxide lotion

- scabies, lindane lotion

24
Q

Solution

A

medication in water, alcohol or propylene glycol

25
Q

Application of Solutions

A

usually qday or bid

26
Q

Benefits of Solutions

A
  • cooling effect
  • dry weeping lesions
  • vasoconstriction
  • good for hairy areas, moist folds
27
Q

Disadvantages of Solutions

A
  • avoid use on dry skin (drying)

- may cause temporary burning sensation

28
Q

Use and Example of Solution

A
  • seborrheic dermatitis

- lidex solution

29
Q

Powder Application

A

best applied with cotton ball or shaker

30
Q

Benefits of Powder

A
  • absorbs moisture
  • cooling and drying
  • decreases friction, irritation
  • discourages bacterial growth
  • intertriginous areas
31
Q

Disadvantages of Powder

A
  • inhalation

- caking

32
Q

Use and Example

A

tinea pedis, miconazole powder

33
Q

Paste

A

powder incorporated into ointment or cream

34
Q

Benefit of Paste

A

protective barrier

35
Q

Use and Example of Paste

A

diaper dermatitis, zinc oxide

36
Q

Mechanism of Action for Topical Corticosteroids

A

-they inhibit phospholipase A, which is at the very beginning of the inflammatory reaction

(then can’t get aracadonic acid –> prostaglandins, leukotrienes, etc)

37
Q

Indications for Topical Corticosteroids

A
  • all inflammatory pruritic eruptions (eg dermatitis, eczema)
  • hyperplastic disorders (eg psoriasis)
  • infiltrative disorders (eg sarcoid, granuloma annulare)
38
Q

Contraindications for Topical Corticosteroids

A
  • any viral, fungal or tubercular skin lesions

- herpes simplex

39
Q

Potential Adverse Effects for Topical Corticosteroids

A
  • atrophy
  • striae (stretch marks)
  • contact dermatitis
40
Q

Low Potency Topical Corticosteroids

A
  • class VII
  • modest anti inflammatory properties
  • OTC products
  • larger surface areas
41
Q

High Potency Topical Corticosteroids

A
  • class I
  • easily absorbed systemically
  • limit exposure to < 2 weeks
  • small surface area
  • do not use occlusive dressing
42
Q

How to Use Topical Corticosteroids

A
  • application frequency bid-tid
  • rub into skin completely
  • use appropriate strength then change to lower potency after acute disease controlled
  • covering large areas may cause systemic toxicity
  • taper gradually to reduce rebound flare
43
Q

How to Choose the Topical Corticosteroid

A
  • LOW potency for: kids, mild conditions, thin skin (eg face)
  • HIGH potency for: severe inflammation and thicker skin (palms and soles)
  • formulation influences potency: ointments > creams > lotions
44
Q

Quantity (think fingertip unit)

A
  • fingertip unit: amount of cream from tube of 5 mm diameter nozzle that can be squeezed from fingertip to first joint
  • this is about 0.5 g and can cover one adult hand

Fall 2014 - Pharm Intro Unit (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions