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sms > Derm Terms > Flashcards

Derm Terms Flashcards

0
Q

Patch

A

large macule (>1cm) or a coalescence of macules (vitiligo)

-Macule= freckle

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1
Q

Macule

A

Freckle

-flat, circumscribed region with different color or texture

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2
Q

Papule

A

palpable (able to touch), circumscribed change in consistency or contour of the skin

ex: acne

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3
Q

Nodule

A

papule > 1 cm in diameter

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4
Q

Tumor

A

large nodule (large papule)

Papule<Tumor

Ex: lymphoma

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5
Q

Plaque

A

a coalescence of papules

ex: psoriasis

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6
Q

Cyst

A

encapsulated nodule (large papule) filled with soft material

ex: epidermal cyst

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7
Q

Vesicle

A

circumscribed, clear, fluid-filled lesion
–> BLISTER

Ex: herpes simplex

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8
Q

Bulla

A

large vesicle (blister)

Ex: bullous pemphigoid

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9
Q

Pustule

A

A vesicle (blister) filled with inflammatory cells

Ex: acne vulgaris
–> Neutrophils= pus

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10
Q

Wheal

A

a palpable, circumscribed, area of edema with central pallor and peripheral erythema (red) that usually disappear quickly (1. edema 2. erythemia)

Ex: hives

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11
Q

Purpura

A

discoloration of the skin due to the presence of blood in the tissue, outside of blood vessels; will not blanch with pressure unlike wheals

ex: vasculitis

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12
Q

Petechiae

A

a punctate(studded with tiny dots) region of purpura (tiny dots)

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13
Q

Comedo

A

a plug within a hair follilcle canal which is composed of keratin and sebum = blackhead

ex: acne vulgaris

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14
Q

Milium

A

A white papule composed of whorls of keratinized epidermal cells beneath the skin surface

(probs skip this one… it’s just white dots)

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15
Q

Burrow

A

horizontal tunnel in the stratum corneum produced by a parasite

Ex: scabies

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16
Q

Scaly

A

exfoliation of surface keratin cells

ex: psoriasis

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17
Q

Hyperkeratotic

A

having very thick scale

ex: icthyosis

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18
Q

Crusted

A

displaying dried exudate of fluid and/or cellular components on the skin

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19
Q

serous

A

composed of serum or tissue fluid

ex: contact dermatitis

20
Q

Purulent

A

containing pus

ex: infection

21
Q

hemorrhagic

A

containing red cells; a scab

Ex: healing herpes zoster

22
Q

Eroded

A

showing a superficial defect in the skin surface which does not penetrate through the epidermis

-scratching

23
Q

Ulcerated

A

showing a skin defect which penetrates through the epidermis

ex: diabetic foot ulcer

24
Q

Excoriated

A

eroded or ulcerated, often in a linear fashion, due to scratching

ex: dermatits factitia

25
Q

Fissured

A

split horizontally

ex: chronic dermatitis

26
Q

Erythematous

A

reddened; due to vasodilation with increased blood flow

-Blanches with pressure

Ex: viral exanthem (widespread rash with symptoms)

27
Q

Edematous

A

Swollen; due to extravasation of seruma and lymph into tissue
-leaky blood vessels

ex: urticaria

28
Q

Pigmented

A

Showing changes in color due to melanin pigment

Melanocytes–>melanin–>pigment

29
Q

Hyperpigmented

A

dark; due to increased amount of melanin

ex: nevus (mole)

30
Q

Hypopigmented

A

light; due to decreased amount of melanin

ex: vitiligo

31
Q

Lichenified

A

Showing thickening with accentuation of the normal skin markings

  • usually a sign of chronicity associated with scratching or rubbing
  • Thickened Skin; Hyperkeratotic

Ex: atopic dermatitis

32
Q

Verrucous

A

Velvety or roughened wart-like change
=wart

Ex: verruca vulgaris

33
Q

Telangiectatic

A

showing dilated small arterioles or capillaries coursing parallel to the skin surface

  • you can see the blood vessels
    ex: spider telangiectasia
34
Q

Atrophic

A

emaciated or thinned

Ex: striae

35
Q

Scarred

A

showing fibrous connective tissue replacement; a result of dermal injury

ex: keloid

36
Q

Acanthosis

A

epidermal hyperplasia

37
Q

Acantholysis

A

separation of keratinocytes due to loss of intercellular attachments (desmosomes)

38
Q

Cytoid (civatte or colloid) bodies

A

apoptotic keratinocytes

39
Q

Dyskeratosis

A

abnormal keratinization of keratinocytes

40
Q

Exocytosis

A

penetration of the epidermis by inflammatory cells

41
Q

Erosion

A

focal loss of the epidermis

42
Q

Hyperkeratosis

A

thickening of stratum corneum

43
Q

Lentiginous

A

linear, non-nested proliferation of melanocytes along the basal layer

44
Q

Parakeratosis

A

retention of nuclei within the keratinocytes of the stratum corneum

45
Q

Papillomatosis

A

rounded epidermal hyperplasia in association with elongation or widening of the dermal papillae

46
Q

Spongiosis

A

intercellular edema of the epidermis

47
Q

Vacuolization

A

formation of vacuoles within cells usually due to intracellular edema

48
Q

Ulcer

A

focal loss of epidermis and dermis/subcutis

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