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Derm lecture Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Fancy name for scale

A

Hyperkeratosis

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2
Q

“Too much stratum corneum because it is being made too quickly”

A

Hyperproliferative hyperkeratosis

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3
Q

“Too much stratum corneum because it is being made improperly (leading to clumping / poor sloughing, etc)”

A

Retention hyperkeratosis

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4
Q

Name the four cells types present in the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkel cells

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5
Q

What are Langerhans cells?

A

Important immune surveillance and antigen-presenting cells.

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6
Q

What are Merkel cells?

A

neuroendocrine cells, poorly understood function (associated with mechanoreceptors).

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7
Q

Inflammatory, hyper-proliferative,

scaly skin diseases with prominent immune system involvement.

A

Hyperproliferative Hyperkeratosis (e.g. psoriasis and eczema):

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8
Q

A heterogeneous group of inherited skin diseases exhibiting hyperkeratosis caused by abnormal stratum corneum formation (non-inflammatory).

A

retention hyperkeratosis (e.g. the ichhyoses)

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9
Q

What disease is characterized by scaly, symmetrically-distributed, salmon-colored, micaceous plaques that are most common on the trunk and extensor extremities (elbows.knees)

A

Psoriasis

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10
Q

What are the classical histological signs of psoriasis?

A
  • elongation of the rete ridges
  • mixed inflammatory infiltrate w/ prominent neutrophils
  • hyperkeratosis w/ parakaratosis
  • Murno microabcess (collection of neutrophils in SC)
  • Spongiform pustules of Kogoj (collection of neutrophils in epidermis)
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11
Q

What nail changes are associated with psoriasis?

A

pitting, onycholysis, oil drop sign

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12
Q

What’s psoriatic arthritis?

A

often affects distal interphalangeal joints and is asymmetric in distribution (“small and asymmetric”)
- associated with HLA-B27
Arthritis mutilans is the name for advanced cases

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13
Q

What is the name for the phenomenon where trauma induces psoriatic plaques?

A

koebnerization

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14
Q

You have a patient with psoriasis. Make sure you check for …

A

Arthritis, heart disease

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15
Q

What are precipitating factors for psoriasis?

A
  • infection (esp Group A strep)
  • stress
  • drugs (esp,. lithium, beta-blockerss)
  • trauma (koebnerization)
  • alcohol
  • smoking
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Derm (5 decks)

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