derm

Question 1

5 layers of epidermis

Answer 1

Stratum cornieum 
Stratum lucidum (only in palms/soles/digits) 
Stratum granulosum 
Stratum spinosum 
Baement membrane

Question 2

thickness of epidermis vs dermis

Answer 2

epidermis: 0.04 mm
dermiis: 0.5 mm thick

Question 3

what vital structures does the dermis layer contain

Answer 3

blood vessels, lymphatic, nerve endings, hair follicles

Question 4

the layers of dermis

Answer 4

Papillary layer: light touch (upper 1/3)

Reticular layer (lower 2/3 of dermis, contains pacinian corpsules-vibration and pressure)

Question 5

Auspitz sign

Answer 5

pinpoint bleeding seen in psoriatic lesions

Question 6

nikolsky sign

Answer 6

when the top layer skin slips away from lower layer when it is slightly rubbed from epidermal detachment produced by lack of skin cohesion
seen in bllous dibaeticorum, pemphigus vulgaris

Question 7

tzancks test

Answer 7

viral disease

Question 8

Wood light examination for coral red

Answer 8

erythrasma (cornebacterium minutisscum)

Question 9

atopic dermatitis

Answer 9

scratching and rubbing that turns into eczematous lesion

usually exacerbated by sudden changes in temp, humidity, stress/anxiety

Question 10

skin dz frequently associated with GI dz (ulcerative colitis, crohn dz)

Answer 10

pyoderma granuloma

Question 11

Large ulcers with purple overhanging edges which develop rapidly from pustules and tender nodlues

Answer 11

pyoderma gangrenosum

Question 12

erythrasma

Answer 12

bacterial infection affecting intertriginous areas (ie between toes, groin, axillae)

Question 13

virus for shingles

Answer 13

varicella zoster virus

Question 14

pyogenic granuloma

Answer 14

benign skin lesion composed of small blood vessels, bleeds easily

Question 15

heloma molle; typically pressure from which parts of digits

Answer 15

soft interdigital callus.

** pressure from head proximal phalanx of 5th digit, and the base of the proximal phalanx of the 4th**

Question 16

heloma dura

Answer 16

hard callus on the dorsum of the toe or tip caused by bony prominence from HT/mallet toes/ claw toes

Question 17

Primary syphillis

Answer 17

painless ulcers/ cankers develop at site of inoculation

regional lymphadenopathy

incubation per 3 weeks

Question 18

secondary syphillis

Answer 18

Appears 2-6 months after infection

lesions are asymptomatic/round brown/dry macules/papules, rash

alopecia

usually flu like syndromes (headache, sore throat, fever, fatigue, malaise)

Question 19

Gumma lesions

Answer 19

punched out nodules that ulcerates seen in tertiary syphillis

Question 20

tertiary syphillis

Answer 20

usually when neurosyphillis can occur (causing charcot from peripheral neuropathy) or cardiovascular syphillis

gumma lesions present

Question 21

kviem test

Answer 21

used to detect sarcoidosis

Question 22

sarcoidosis

Answer 22

inflammatory disease that affects multiple organs in the body, but mostly the lungs and lymph glands. In people with sarcoidosis, abnormal masses or nodules (called granulomas) consisting of inflamed tissues form in certain organs of the body.

Question 23

why is alcohol used with phenol in matrixectomy

Answer 23

alcohol and phenol are hydrophobic which means phenol is soluble in alcohol and insoluble in water, therefore alcohol can effectively dilute and wash away phenol