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3b > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Diabetic skin changes

A

Flexural candidiasis
Yellow patches of skin
Thickened axillary, groin and neck skin

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2
Q

Coeliac disease skin changes

A

Dermatitis herpetiforms - Very itchy burning blisters on elbow, scalp, shoulders and ankles

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3
Q

IBD skin changes

A

Erythema nodosum - Tender subcutaneous lumps

Pyoderma gangrenosum - Rapidly growing very painful pustular blisters.

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4
Q

SLE skin changes

A

Facial butterfly rash

Photo sensitivity

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5
Q

HSV changes

A

Erythema multiforme - Well defined round lesions on extensor surfaces

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6
Q

Lyme disease chanages & treatment

A

Erythema migrans - Target like lesion.

Doxycycline

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7
Q

Systemic scleroderma features

A 
CREST
Calcinosis
Raynauds
oEsophageal and gut dysfunction
Sclerodactially
Telangictasia
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8
Q

Sarcoidosis changes

A

Yellow firm nodules in skin
Scarring alopecia
Lupus pernio - Diagnostic
Firm subcutaneous nodules.

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9
Q

Actinic keratoses

A

Pre malignant yellow/white scaly crusts on sun exposed skin. May develop into a SSC

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10
Q

Bowens disease & treatment

A

SSC in situ. Well defined, slowly growing red scaly plaque with full thickness dysplasia. May progress to SSC

Cryotherapy/Flurouracil

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11
Q

SSC

A

Ulcerated or crusted firm irregular lesion on sun exposed skin.

Increased risk of metastasis if on lip, ear, non exposed skin, immunosupression.

Need excision

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12
Q

BCC

A

Commonest skin cancer.
Nodular - Pearl with telangectasic edges
Superficial - Red scaly plaque with raised smooth edge.

Flurouracil/excision

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13
Q

Common metastases to skin (5)

A 
Breast.
Stomach and colon
Lung
GU
Lymphoma
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14
Q

ABCDEF of melanoma

A 
Asymmetry 
Border irregular 
Colour variation 
Diameter over 6mm
Evolution - changing  
Funny looking mole
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15
Q

Psoriasis

A

Hyperproliferation epidermis with proliferation and dilation of vessels in the dermis & t cell and neutrophills

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16
Q

Types of psoriasis (4)

A

Plaque - Symmetrical well defined red plaque with silver scales on extensor surfaces
Flexural - Plaques in mosts skin folds. Often less scaley and misdiagnosed as fungal.
Guttate - Large numbers of small plaques over trunk and limbs in young. Usually following strep infection
Generalised erythrodermic - May cause systemic upset (fever, increase in WCC and dehydration) - Requires hospital admission.

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17
Q

Nail changes in psoriasis

A

Pitting
Onycholysis
Thickening

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18
Q

Treatment for psoriasis (5)

A

Topical corticosteroid (Betnovate) & topical Vit D
Stronger corticosteriod cream (Dermovate) (not more than 8 weeks)
Phototherapy
Methotrexate/isotretinoin
Infliximab/entancerpt

19
Q

Diagnosing atopic eczema (1+4)

A 
Itchy skin with 3 or more of
Onset before 2 years
Flexural involvement
History of generally dry skin 
Personal or family history of atopy.

Nb typically spares the nappy area

20
Q

Eczema herpeticum

A

HSV infection of eczema causing systemic illness and wheeping blister rash especially round the mouth. Medical emergency

21
Q

Treatment of eczema

A

Topical emollients (Diprobase)
Topical corticosteroids
Oral steroids
Azothioprine/methotraxate in severe disease

22
Q

Mild/Moderate-Potent/Very potent topical steroid

Side effects

A

Hydrocortisone

Betnovate

Dermovate

Skin thinning, telangectasia, irriversable striae.

23
Q

Ringworm treatment

A

Clotrimazole

24
Q

Candia albicans treatment
Mouth
Skin
Vagina

A

Nystatin
Clotrimazole
Clotrimazole + pessary (Canistan combi)

25
Q

Bacteria infections of the skin

A

Impetigo - S.aureus/pyogenes - Honeycoloured crusts - Fusidic acid cream
Cellulitis - B haemolytic staph and strep - RCDT - Ben Pen

26
Q

Wart treatment

A

Cryotherapy/Salicylic acid

27
Q

Koebner phenomenon

A

Psorisis developing from a scratch/incision

28
Q

Auspitz’s sign

A

Bleeding from psoriasis scales upon removal.

29
Q

When to seek specialist advice in shingles (3)

A

Immunocompromised
Pregnant
Ophthalmic involvement

30
Q

Treatment for acne
Mild
Moderate
Severe

A

Facial comedomes only
Benzoyl peroxide or isotretinoin

Papules and pustules dominat face and torso
Topical antibiotic + Benzoyl peroxide/istretinoin
or Doxycycline/tetrocyclin or combined oral contraceptive.

Nodules, cysts, scars and inflamation
Refer - Best is high does isotretinoin.

31
Q

Rosacea
S&S
Treatment

A

Central facial rash with erythema telenagiectasia, papules pustules (without comedomes), lymphoedema.

Brought on by stress, alcohol, and spices

Mild
Topical metronidazole or azelaic acid

Moderate
Oral tetracycline (Erythro if pregnant)

Nb if occular invlovement give ciprofloxacin

32
Q

Drug reactions presentation

A 
Morbilliform
Urticaria 
Erythroderma
Steven Johnsons syndrome 
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
33
Q

Morbilliform

A

Generalised erythematous maclues and papules on the trunk + Mild fever within 1-3 weeks of drug.
Common drugs
Amoxicillin
Cephalosporins

34
Q

Steven Johnsons syndrome

A

URTI symptoms 2-3 weeks after starting a drug. Then Painful erythematous paupular rash evolving to form target like lesions. Affects <10% and severe mucous ulceration in >1 spot.

Causative drugs
Sulfonamides, anti epileptics, penicillins

Management
IV Ig, ICU, supportive

35
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis

A

Flu like sysmptoms evloving to widespead painful rash and necrosis of large areas of the epidermis. >30%

Causative drugs
Sulfonamides, anti epileptics, penicillins, allopurinol

Management
IV Ig, ICU, supportive

36
Q

Drugs inducing photo sensitivity

A

Thiazides
Tetracyclines
Amiodarone

37
Q

Lichen planus 5ps

A 
Purple 
Puritic
Poly angular 
Planar 
Papules

Common on wrists, forearms ankles and legs

Treatment steroid

38
Q

HIV infections

A 
EBV 
HSV
Candidiasis 
Scabies 
Syphilis
39
Q

HIV skin problems

A 
Seborrhoeic dermatits 
Psoriasis 
Drug reactions more common
Alopecia 
Fat loss from face and gain on truck
Onychomycosis (fugal infection of nail)
40
Q

Pressure ulcer staging

A

Non blanching erythema
Partial thickness skin loss
Full thickness skin loss extending into fat
Destruction of muscle/bone/fat

41
Q

Pressure ulcer treatment

A 
Pressure relieving mattress
Regular turning
Debride
Dressings
Optimise nutrition
42
Q

Scabies

A

Very itchy rash affecting finger webs. Highly contagious

Treatment - Perimethrin

43
Q

Scoring system for melanoma

A

Breslows

3b (15 decks)

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