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STEP 2 CK > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

erythema, telangiectasias, papules, and pustules with redness, affecting face. Can involve increased vascularity in the eye. Rhinophyma in men (thickened and greasy skin on the nose).

A

Roseacea

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2
Q

How do you reduce roseacea sx?

A

avoid alcohol, hot beverages, extreme temperatures, and emotional stressors

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3
Q

Treatment of roseacea?

A

topical metronidazole, systemic abx for maintenance (tetracycline)

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4
Q
A

Roseacea

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5
Q

Epithelial tumors that look like Squamous Cell Carcinoma. They grow very very quickly. Dome with central crater containing keratinous material grows over the course of several weeks

A

Keratoacathoma: Tx: observation. Will likely regress spontaneously

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6
Q
A

Keratoacanthoma

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7
Q

Well demarcated lesions that are either hyper or hypopigmented and range in color from vrown to tan to white. Mostly on the trunk. From several species of malazie group. Part of normal skin flora.

A

Tinea Versicolor

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8
Q

What group does tinea versicolor affect?

A

Adolescents and young adults

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9
Q

What contributes to tinea versicolor?

A

Hot/humid weather, excessive sweating, and skin oils help it transform from normal skin to this.

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10
Q

How do you diagnose and treat tinea versicolor?

A

Dx: KOH prep (spaghetti and meatballs appearance) hyphae and yeast balls

Tx: Oral or topical antifungals. Selenium sulfide lotion can help

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11
Q
A

Tinea Versicolor

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12
Q

chronic, idiopathic inflammatory skin disorder in infants and adults. Seen in oily skin. Seen on scalp, hairline, behind ears, and skin folds. Scaly patches with moderate erythema. Can be mild and look like dandruff, or severe and be yellow oily flakes

A

Sevorrheic Dermatitis (cradle cap)

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13
Q

Sebhorric Dermatitis treatment

A

Sunlight, dandruff shampoo, topical ketoconazole, topical steroids

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14
Q
A

Seborrheic Dermatitis

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15
Q

Delayed type IV hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Contact Dermatitis

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16
Q

skin is sensitized 1 to 2 weeks after first exposure. Will develop rash subsequently after the next exposure.

A

allergic contact dermatitis

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17
Q

contact dermatitis treatment

A

Topcial corticosteroids or oral steroids

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18
Q

Papulosquamous eruption - Initially “Herald Patches”, taht resemble a ring worm (lots of oval/ round patches appear). Then a rash with multiple ovals appears. “Christmas Tree Appearance”

A

Pityriasis Rosea. commonly remits after 6-8 weeks with no treatment.

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19
Q
A

Pityriasis Rosea

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20
Q
A

Erythema Nodosum

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21
Q

Painful, red, subcutaneous, elevated nodules on the front of the tibia. Self limited and resolves in a few weeks.

A

Erythema Nodosum. Caused by a lot of stuff so get a thorough workup - (strep, sarcoid, TB, syphilis, etc.) and treat the underlying condition.

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22
Q
A

Erythema Multiform

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23
Q

erythematous macules/papules that resemble target lesions. Can become bullous. Prurtic and painful.

A

Erythema Multiform

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24
Q

Erythema multiform is caused by what?

A

Drugs (pcn, or sulfa (MC)) or idiopathic, or HSV

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25
Q

SJS vs TEN

A

<10% = SJS >30% = TEN

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26
Q

Involves the mucus membranes. Sloughs off respiratory epithelium and may lead to respiratory failure. Nikolsky - But very very bad.

A

SJS

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27
Q

Tx of SJS

A

IVIG. steroids don’t cut it

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28
Q

SJS and Nikolsky +

A

TEN (Toxic Epidermal Necrosis)

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29
Q

Tx of TEN

A

IVIG, don’t try steroid. They don’t work.

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30
Q
A

SJS

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31
Q
A

TEN

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32
Q

Half of all SJS and TEN cases are due to?

A

Medications

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33
Q

Pruritic, Polygonal, Purple, flat topped Papules

A

Lichen Planus tx with steroids

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34
Q
A

Lichen Planus

35
Q

Subepthelial blisters. Dont rupture easily. Auto immune

A

Bullous Pemphigoid

36
Q
A

Bullous Pemphigoid

37
Q

AI blistering condition with loss of normal adhesion between cells (acantholysis). Starts in mouth. Blisters can rupture and are painful. Fatal if untreated

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

38
Q
A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

39
Q

How do you treat pemphigus vulgaris?

A

Steroids, and make sure there’s no cancer like non hodgkin lymphoma or CLL

40
Q

HPV 6 and 11

A

Chondyloma Acumulata

41
Q

Caused by pox virus and seen in sexually active young adults and in some kids

A

Molluscum Contagiosum (highly contagious). Extensive lesions seen if HIV positive

42
Q
A

Molluscum Contagiosum

43
Q

Small papules with central umbilication and relatively asymptomatic. Kids or sexually active young adults. Consider HIV infection.

A

Molluscum Contagiosum

44
Q
A

Molluscum Contagiosum

45
Q

Superficial Fungi that infect cutaneous epithelium, nails, and hair

A

Dermatophytes

46
Q

Name the 3 dermatophytes

A

Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton

47
Q

Examples of dermatophyte infections? and treatments?

A

Tinea corporis, Tinea capitis, Tinea unguium (nails), Tinea Pedis, Tinea cruris. Topical antifungals (use oral for capitis)

48
Q
A

Dermatophyte (ring worm)

49
Q

Human skin mite. Mites lay eggs in skin and then you develop type IV hypersensitivy to them

A

Scabies

50
Q

Scabies tx?

A

Permethrin cream (everywhere head to toe), Lindane (gama benze lotion, don’t give to kids), Treat everyone (Scorch the Earth!)

51
Q

Severe pururtis, linear marks with dark dot at one end, excoritaitons from scratching, and eczematous plaques, crusted papules. May develop secondary bacterial infection.

A

Scabies

52
Q

Scabies Dx

A

characteristic linear marks/ burrows, examine scraping under microscope for mites, ova, or scybala

53
Q
A

Scabies

54
Q

Small, rough, scaly lesions due to prolonged and repeated sun exposure. May be horn like. Precursur to SCC

A

Actinic Keratosis

55
Q
A

Actinic Keratosis

56
Q

MC skin cancer

A

Basal Cell

57
Q

Pearly, smooth papule with rolled edges and surface telangiectasias

A

Basal Cell

58
Q
A

Basal Cell

59
Q
A

Squamous Cell

60
Q

Crusting, ulcerated nodule or erosion

A

Squamous Cell

61
Q

Numerous atypical moles with indistinct borders and variations in color.

A

Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome

62
Q

If dsyplastic nevus syndrome and family history of melanoma, what’s the risk for melanoma?

A

100%

63
Q
A

Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome

64
Q

Most important indicator of prognosis with melanoma?

A

depth of invasion

65
Q

Can melanoma lesions itch and bleed?

A

yes

66
Q

How do you diagnose melanoma?

A

excisional biopsy. Disect lymph nodes if they are involved

67
Q
A

Melanoma

68
Q
A

Decubitus Ulcer

69
Q

abnormal proliferation of skin cells. Trauma to skin can cause exacerbations. Associated with psoriatic arthritis

A

Psoriasis

70
Q

Well demarcated, erythematous papules or plaques that are covered by a thick silvery scaling on extensor surfaces of body

A

Psoriasis

71
Q

How do you treat psoriasis?

A

Topical: Steroids, Calcipotriene and Calcitrol (vit D derivatives)

Oral: Systemic - immune modulating (methotrexate etc),

72
Q
A

Psoriasis

73
Q

AD - Hereditary, not malignant. Stuck on skin.

A

Seborrheic Keratosis

74
Q
A

Seborrheic Keratosis

75
Q

chronic depigmenting condition

A

Vitiligo

76
Q

What is vitiligo associated with?

A

DM, hypothyroidism, pernicious anemia, and Addison

77
Q
A

Vitiligo

78
Q

caused by release of mediators from mast cells. Increase in vascular permeability. Will see edematous wheals (hives) that dissapear within hours. They blanch under pressure.

A

Urticaria (hives)

79
Q

Caused by ACE inhibitors. Affects eyelids, lips, tongue, genetalia, hands, or feet. Localized edema causing puffy look. Can be life threatening if obstructs airway.

A

Angioedema

80
Q
A

Angiodedema

81
Q

How do you treat angioedema?

A

Give eopinephrine for laryngeal edeam or bronchospasm and stop offending agent.

82
Q
A

Chondyloma Accumulata - HPV 6 and 11

83
Q
A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

STEP 2 CK (3 decks)

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