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Derm Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Papules and paulopustules. OPen and closed comedones.

A

Acne vulgaris

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2
Q

Acne pathogenesis

A

Microcomedone

Comedone

Inflammatory papule/pustule

Nodule

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3
Q

What must be present to Dx acne?

A

Comedones.

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4
Q

Facial flushing, telangiectases, central face edema, burning, stinging; spares periorbital areas

A

Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR)

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5
Q

Central face erythema with papules/pustules; edema of skin; less often burning, stinging; flushing less severe; spares periorbital areas

A

Papulopustular rosacea (PPR)

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6
Q

Patulous follicular orifices, thickened skin, nodularities; and in men, phyma - rubbery thickening of skin nose, chin, forehead, eyelids, or ears

A

Phymatous rosacea

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7
Q

Initial presentation in ~20%; more often occur after an above type; most often blepharitis; also conjunctivitis, iritis, scleritis, hypopyon, keratitis

A

Ocular rosacea

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8
Q

Possible rosacea triggers

A

Hot or cold temperature, exercise, cosmetics

sunlight, spicy food, topical irritants

wind, alcohol, menopausal flushing

hot drinks, emotions, medications

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9
Q

Rosacea stage 1

A

Persistent erythema with telangiectases

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10
Q

Rosacea stage 2

A

Persistent erythema, telangiectases, papules, tiny pustules

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11
Q

Rosacea stage 3

A

Persistent deep erythema, dense telangiectases, papules, pustules, nodules, rarely persistent “solid” edema of central face

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12
Q

Chronic diseas of unknonw etiology. Very tender, red, inflamed nodules/abscesses. May contain double comedones.

Distributed to axilla, breast, groin.

A

Hidradenitis Suppurativa

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13
Q

May occur minutes afte exposure. lesions range from erythema to vesiculation to necrosis.

A

Irritant contact dermatitis

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14
Q

Delayed, cell-mediated hypersensitivity rxn

A

Allergic contact dermatitis

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15
Q

Poorly defined erythematous patches with or without scales. Found on flexor surfaces. Usually begins in infancy.

A

Atopic dermatitis

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16
Q

Solid plaque of lichenification, arising from a confluence of small papules. Excoriations are often present.

A

Lichen simplex chronicus

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17
Q

Sudden onset of many deep-seeded, pruritic, clear, tapioca-like vesicles

A

Dyshidrosis

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18
Q

Management for dyshidrosis

A

Burow wet dressings

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19
Q

Chronic, pruritic, inflammatory dematitis in the form of coin-shpaed plaques composed of grouped small papules and vesicles on an erythematous base

A

Nummular eczema

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20
Q

Common, chronic dermatitis characterized by redness and scaling and occuring where sebaceous glands are active

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

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21
Q

T-cell mediated papulosquamous disease

A

Psoriasis

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22
Q

Common areas for psoriasis breakouts

A

Extensor surfaces

sacrogluteal region

scalp

palms/soles

*Often bilateral and symmetric

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23
Q

Three most common psoriasis subtypes

A

Chronic stable plaque psoriasis

Guttate psoriasis

Palmoplantar pustular psoriasis

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24
Q

What do you call psoriasis that presents on the groin or genitals?

A

Inverse psoriasis

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25
Q

What test should you perform if you suspect guttate psoriasis?

A

Throat culture (looking for strep)

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26
Q

Raindrop psoriasis

A

Guttate

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27
Q

Middle to older aged patient with history of mild chronic stable plaque psoriasis who gets a nasty URI and has sudden guttate flare.

Prognosis?

A

Good prognosis for return to baseline after treatment with antibiotics

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28
Q

Young adult without prior history of psoriasis gets nasty URI and has sudden guttate flare

Prognosis?

A

Guttate lesions often slow to improve with slow shift into chronic plaque psoriasis.

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29
Q

Velvity thickening anf hyperpigmentation related to heredity, obesity, endocrine disorders, drug administration, and maligancy

A

Acanthos Nigricans

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30
Q

Bullous automimmune disease usually seen in the elderly.

A

Bullous pemphigoid

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31
Q

Often the first location for bullous pemphigoid to appear

A

Lower legs

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32
Q

Oval, slightly raised plaques. Salmon-colored and often begins with a Heald patch

A

Pityriasis Rosea

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33
Q

This lesions is a:

purple

polygonal

pruritic

planar

papule

A

Lichen planus

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34
Q

Comon rxn pattern of blood vessels in the dermis with secondary epidermal changes. Most cases related to HSV infection.

A

Erythema multiforme

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35
Q

Necrotic epidermis and sloughing covering <10% BSA

A

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

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36
Q

Epidermal necrosis and sloughing >30% BSA

A

Toxic epidermal Necrolysis

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37
Q

Located in derma-epidermal junction

Macules or may be slightly raised

A

Junctional nevus

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38
Q

Located in papillary dermis

Raised lesions

A

Compound nevus

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39
Q

Epithelial lining of a hair follicle

Assymptomatic

May grow to max 3 cm

Central pore

Usually face, neck, upper trunk

A

Epidermoid cyst

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40
Q

Benign subcutaneous tumor- between skin and underlying muscle layer

A

Lipoma

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41
Q

Most common benign epithelial tumors.

Warty plaque with a “stuck on” appearance

A

Seborrheic keratosis

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42
Q

What do you call the light brown lesion that typically surrounds a seborrheic keratosis?

A

Solar lentigo

43
Q

Single/multiple dry rough areas on sun exposed parts of body

May develop into Squamous Cell CA

A

Actinic Keratosis

44
Q

Which of the following is precancerous?

Solar lentigo

Actinic keratosis

A

Actinic keratosis

45
Q

sharply demarkated, scaling, or hyperkeratotic, macule or papule, or plaque. Pink or red. May have small erosions. Capable of metastasis.

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

46
Q

Pearly nodule with telangiectasis. Caused by sun damage. This is the most common CA in the humans.

A

Basal cell carcinoma

47
Q

Sometime present as Red firm nodules

Sometimes scaly with a crust

Sometimes they bleed

Often appear like a sore that does not heal

What is it?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

48
Q

Slightly raised pink patch, scaling

Develops from keratinocytes of the skin and mucosal membranes

Slow growing, develops into squamous cell carcinoma

A

Bowen’s disease

49
Q

This variant of SCC is a rapidly growing nodule with a central crater

A

Keratocanthoma

50
Q

Name the four types of melanoma

A

Superficial spreading - Most common type

Nodular

Lentigo maligna

Acral Lentiginous Melanoma

51
Q

Precursors to melanoma

A

Dysplastic nevi

Congenitalnevomelanocytic nevus

52
Q

A-asymmetric

B-border (irregular)

C-color (viariegated)
D-Diameter (>6mm)

E-evolution (this grows fast)

A

Superficical spreading melanoma

53
Q

Uniformly flat macule with geographic shape

A

Lentigo maligna melanoma

54
Q
A

Acral lentiginous melanoma

55
Q

Totally white macules that enlarge and can affect all of the skin. Associated with autoimmune and/or endocrine disorders

A

Vitiligo

56
Q

Macular hyperpigmentation, usually of the face. Often associated with pregnancy.

A

Melasma

57
Q

Sharply defined, edematous wheals. Can be erytheamtous or blanched with an erythematous border.

Can be localized or general.

A

Uritcaria

58
Q

Butterfly rash

Diffuse or patchy alopecia

ulcers or necrotic lesions on oral mucosa

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

59
Q

Raynaud phenomenon

Non-pitting edema of hands and feet

Sclerodactyly

Periorbital edema followed by fibrosis and loss of normal face lines

Cutaneous calcification

A

Scleroderma

60
Q

Subcutaneous inflammatory, bright red to bluish nodules that follow a course of involved arteries. Become confluent to create painful SubQ plaques.

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

61
Q

Develop over bone prominences as a result of external compression, shearing, and friction.

A

Pressure ulcers

62
Q

Nonblanching erythema of intact skin

A

Stage 1 pressure ulcer

63
Q

Necrosis, superficial or partial thickness.

A

Stage 2 pressure ulcer

64
Q

Deep necrosis, crateriform ulceration with full thickness skin loss.

A

Stage three pressure ulcer

65
Q

Full thickness necrosis with involvement of of supporting structures like muscle or bone.

A

Stage four pressure ulcer

66
Q

Multifocal systemic tumor or endothelial cell origin. Ecchymotic-like macules. Can evolve into pathces/papule/plaques/nodules/tumors that are violaceous, red, pink ,or tan.

A

Kaposi sarcoma

67
Q

This can mimic virtually all the morphologic expressions in dermatology.

A

Drug eruptions

68
Q

Cutaneous eruption that mimics a measle-like viral exanthem

A

Exanthematous drug rxn

69
Q

Dermatophytic infection of the feet

A

Tinea pedis

70
Q
A

Tinea manuum

71
Q

Large, scaling, well demarcated, dull red/tan/brown plaques.

Associated with tinea pedis, and tinea unguium.

A

Tinea cruris

72
Q

Small to large scaling, sharply marginated plaques with or without pustules or vesicles, usually at the margins. Annular configuration.

A

Tinea corporis

73
Q

Most common agent of tinea corporis

A

T. rubrum

74
Q

Large, round, hyperkeratotic plaque of alopecia. Can last for weeks to months.

A

Tinea capitis

75
Q

Confluent, beefy red psutules on erythematous base. Satelite lesions

A

Cutaneous candidiasis

76
Q

Three types of cutaneous candidiasis

A

Intertrigio

Ocluded skin

Diaper dermatitis

77
Q

White-to-creamy plaques on oral mucosa. Caused by C. albicans

A

Oral candidiasis

78
Q

Intertrigio at the angles of the lips

Erythema, slight erosion

Sometimes white colonies

A

Angular cheilitis

79
Q

Sharply demarcated macules. Light brown lesions on light-skin, hypopigmented on dark skin.

Caused by Malassezia furfur

A

Pityriasis Versicolor

80
Q

Pearly white or skin-colored papules or nodules. Round or oval and umbillicated.

Occur in children and sexually active adults

A

Molluscum contagiosum

81
Q

Course and prognosis of molluscum contagiosum

A

In healthy people, MC resolves spontaneously w/o scarring but may take up to 2 years.

In immunocompromised patients MC can progress desite aggressive treatment. Can become disfiguring.

82
Q

Firm, hyperkeratotic, vegitative papules.

Caused by HPV.

A

Verruca valgaris

83
Q

Flat wart

A

Verruca plana

84
Q

Plantar wart

A

Verruca plantaris

85
Q

Generalized cutaneous eruption associated with a primary systemic infection

A

Infectious exanthems

86
Q

Course, prognosis, and management of infectious exanthems

A

Usually self-resolves in ~10 days.

Tx is supportive

87
Q

This infectious agent typically presents with grouped vesicles arising on an erythematous base on keratinized skin or mucous membranes

A

Herpes simplex virus

88
Q

Wear gloves so you don’t get a…

A

Herpetic whitlow

89
Q

Vesicular lesions evident in successive crops. Papule or wheals quickly evolve into dewdrop vesicles.

Vesicles quickly become umbilicated, evolve into papules and crust.

A

Varicella

90
Q

Okay, you had chicken pox. Mom sent you to school so your friends would get chicken pox too.

Now you have a painful herpetiform lesion following a dermatomal pattern and your cursing the bed sheet that hurts to drape over yourself. You have…

A

Herpes zoster.

91
Q

Get the permethrin 1%.

A

Pediculosis capitis

92
Q

Check the seams of your clothes. I think you have…

A

Pediculosis corporis

93
Q

I don’t want to be the one to have to tell you this, but you’ve got…

A

Pediculosis pubis.

94
Q

Gray or skin-colored ridges, linear or wavy. Common in between your fingers.

All because you shared a sleeping bag on that camping trip.

A

Scabies! You’ve got scabies!

95
Q

Okay, so you’ve got scabies. No one’s here to judge you. Let me give you an Rx for…

A

Permetherin 5%

96
Q

This common STD is most commonly associated with HPV 6 and 11

A

Condyloma acuminatum

97
Q

No apparent inflammation to the skin

Non-scarring, hair follicle intact

A

Alopecia areata

98
Q

Chronic dermatitis of proximal nail fold and and matrix. Loss of cuticle. Separation of nail plate from proximal nail fold.

A

Paronychia

99
Q
A

Onychomycosis

aka

Tinea unguium

100
Q

Small vesicles or erosions with honey-colored crusts. S. aureas.

A

Impetigo

101
Q

Bacterial skin infection involving the upper dermis that characteristically extends into the superficial cutaneous lymphatics. It is a tender, intensely erythematous, indurated plaque with a sharply demarcated border. It has a well-defined margin.

A

Erysipelas

102
Q

Progressive local necrosis
Associated w/ fever, headache, malaise, arthralgia & N/V
Initial bite may be painless but pain typically ↑ over the next 2-8 hrs and may become severe

A

Brown recluse

103
Q

Generalized muscular pain/spasms & rigidity
Target lesion +/- diaphoresis at affected site (20% of patients)

A

Black widow bite

Derm (1 decks)

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