Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

VETM 530 > derm > Flashcards

derm Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four allergic patterns in cats?

A
  1. milliary dermatitis
  2. head/neck pruritis
  3. self-induced hypotrichosis/alopecia
  4. eosinophilic granuloma complex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

DDX for miliary dermatitis

A

flea allergy dermatitis
food allergies
dermatophytosis
pemphigus
lymphoma
parasites
bacterial folliculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

DDX for HNP

A

flea allergy dermatitis
food allergies
dermatophytosis
pemphigus
feline herpes dermatitis
mosquito bite derm
demodicosis
ear mites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

SIAH DDX

A

endocrinopathy
bladder disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

eosinophilic granuloma complex lesions, causes

A

causes: FASS, ectoparasites, infection, idiopathic

eosinophilic plaque-> inner thigh, abdomen

eosinophilic granuloma-> caudal thigh, face, oral cavity

indolent ulcers-> associated w licking, lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

eosinophilic granuloma complex tx

A

plaque-> steroids, atopica, abx
granuloma-> steroids, atopica, immunotherapy
indolent ulcer-> abx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

papule ddx

A

bacterial folliculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

pustule ddx

A

pyoderma, pemphigus, demodicosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

crust ddx

A

secondary lesion- bacterial folliculitis, pemphigus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

comedones ddx

A

dermatophytosis, demodicosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

epidermal collarette ddx

A

bacterial folliculitis, pyoderma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

nasal planum disease ddx

A

discoid lupus erythematosus, mucocutaneous pyoderma,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

canine atopic dermatitis distribution, pathogenesis

A

immune dysfunction: th2 cells, IL31, IL17, IL33

leads to impaired skin barrier function->increased allergen penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CAD allergens

A

dust mite, dust, molds, grass, weeds, dander

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CAD C/S

A

pruritis
primary lesions-> erythema and papules
secondary lesions mostly-> excoriation, infection
ears, face, inguinal area, paws

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

CAD dx

A
  1. r/o other diseases that look similar-> ectoparasites, food trial, infection
  2. detailed analysis of hx, C/S (favrot’s criteria)
  3. demonstrate IgG-> intradermal testing, serum IgE

no pathognomonic test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

CAD tx

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

apoquel MOA

A

janus kinase inhibtor-> inhibit cytokines involved in itching/CAD
fast-acting-> use for acute flares

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

cytopoint MOA

A

canine monoclonal Ab-> inactivates IL31

SQ injection, lasts 4-8wks
fast acting-> acute flares

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

atopica MOA

A

calcineurin inhibitor
slow acting (4-8wks)
has adverse effects-> gingival hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

steroids MOA

A

most effective for itching, allergic inflammation
pred
medrol-> dexamethasone most potent
used for acute rxns, ear stenosis, pododermatitis

topicals: soft steroids (hydrocortisone aceponate, mometasone), tacrolimus (cyclosporine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ASIT

A

only tx that can stop progression: promotes th1 response, regulatory cytokines
SLIT or SCIT-> use intradermal testing to find allergens, take 12-18m for benefit

23
Q

CAD flare causes, tx

A

food allergens, ectoparasites, seasonal exposure, INFECTION

tx- steroids, apoquel, cytopoint

24
Q
A

malassezia- yeast infection

25
Q
A

demodex

26
Q
A

scabies (ear edges)

27
Q
A

lice

28
Q
A

flea allergy dermatitis

29
Q

pemphigus foliaceus sites, lesions

A

attacks outer layer of keratinocytes
papules/pustules-> crusts
affects face, nasal planum, pinnae, paws, nailbed in cats

30
Q

pemphigus DDX, dx

A

DDX: dermatophytosis, pyoderma, demodex
dx-> skin scrape (r/o demodex)
cytology- acantholytic cells, neutrophils
biopsy is definitive

31
Q

pemphigus tx

A

combination pred and atopica (immunosuppressive) in dogs, pred alone in cats

32
Q

immunosuppressive tx goals

A

combination therapy-> minimize side effects
avoid triggers, remission is often impossible

find lowest dose and frequency to control signs-> minimize side effects

33
Q

DLE signs, lesions, DDX, dx, tx

A

lupus confined to skin(face)
C/S- depigmentation of nose, erosion/ulceration

dx- cytology, scrape, DTM to r/o other dermatoses
biopsy
trial abx

DDX: pemphigus, dermatophytosis, mucocutaneous pyoderma

tx- tetracycline, niacinamide, steroids if necessary
avoid sun, sunscreen

34
Q

otitis externa factors

A

most common cause is CAD

35
Q

ototoxic drugs? which ones are the worst?

A

aminoglycosides, ceruminolytics
chlorhexidine

36
Q

otitis workup

A

mild, first time cases: antiseptic, steroids, topical abx
recurrent: workup underlying cause
- allergy testing, food trial
- r/o parasitic

recurrent w severe debris: deep ear flush, CT

37
Q

otitis media C/S, dx

A

extension from ear canal, resp disease, primary in bullae (neoplasia, polyp)
C/S- head tilt, horners, pain opening mouth, ruptured tympanic membrane

dx- otoscopy, CT
tx- myringotomy, flush debris from middle ear, 6-8wks abx

38
Q

otitis interna C/S, dx, tx

A

extension of otitis media-> vestibular signs (peripheral)

tx- same as otitis media

39
Q

pyoderma organisms

A

staph pseudointermedius, schleiferi, aureus

40
Q

superficial pyoderma

A

pustules->bacterial folliculitis (below)

41
Q

deep pyoderma

A

furnuculosis->abscess-> cellulitis

42
Q

pyoderma dx, causes

A

causes: allergies, endocrinopathies, systemic disease, immune conditions
cytology: cocci

43
Q

pyoderma tx, when to recommend culture

A

try topicals first
if using oral-> min 3 wks

culture if not responding, MRSP, hx of abx, deep infection
first line abx-> clindamycin, cephalexin

44
Q

diagnostic technique/workup

A

cytology: impression, swab
skin scrape
otic swab, mineral oil prep
skin scrape: superficial or deep
woods lamp for dermatophytosis
dermatophyte culture
trichogram
culture
biopsy

45
Q

skin scrapes

A

for dermatitis
superficial- scabies
deep for demodex

use spatula around the face

46
Q

when to use trichogram

A

pruritis in cats
alopecia
demodex
dermatophytes
endocrine
colour dilution

47
Q

dermatophyte culture

A

m canis- white fluffy
gypseum- flat, cream
T. mentagrophytes- white powdery

contaminants are darker

48
Q

when to culture

A

lack of response to abx
pyoderma w resistance
deep infection
suspect anaerobe
non reponsive otitis
atypical bacteria

49
Q

when to biopsy

A

immune-mediated disease
severe skin disease
systemic disease, suspect neoplasia
unecognized lesions
deep lesions
lack of response to tx

50
Q

how to sample for biopsy?

A

multiple samples, different lesions

alopecia-> center
hypopigmentation-> early lesions

51
Q

which dermatoses are zoonotic?

A

scabies (mild)
dermatophytosis: m. canis, gypseum, t. mentagrophytes

52
Q
A
52
Q
A

VETM 530 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions