Derm 1- Skin exam and morphology Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 6 indications for a full body skin exam?

A
  1. PMHx of skin cancer
  2. Increased risk for melanoma (2 first degree relatives with melanoma, 100+ nevi)
  3. Pt with concerning or changing growth
  4. New rash on body
  5. New pt with undiagnosed skin condition
  6. Follow up pts with extensive skin conditions (ex: psoriasis)
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2
Q

What are the ABCDEs of melanoma?

A

Asymmetry

Border Irregularity

Color variation

Diameter >6mm

Evolution

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3
Q

What is the MC melanoma site for men? for women?

A

Men= Back

Women= Legs and then back

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4
Q

Which of the following is an indication for a total body skin exam?

A. new pt w/ acne on forehead

B. New pt w/ sister who has melanoma

C. New pt w/ a mold on his chin that he has had since childhood w/o change

D. New pt. w/ a paternal aunt w/ history of melanoma

E. New pt w/ a wart on her right index finger

A

B. New pt w/ sister who has melanoma

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5
Q

What is a macule and a patch and how are they different?

A

They are both flat (nonpalpable) and have color change only

Macules: <1cm

Patch: >1cm

(“Pat doesn’t have a flat stomach b/c he eats too much Mac and cheese”)

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6
Q

What is a papule and a plaque and how are they different?

A
  • Both are solid, raised lesions
  • Papule- <5mm
  • Plaque- Raised, flat topped lesion >10mm
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7
Q

What is the difference b/w a vesicle and a bullae?

A

both are serous fluid filled space in epidermis

vesicle is small, bulla is >1cm

“blister”

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8
Q

What is a wheal?

A
  • an edematous papule
  • typicall transient
  • circumscribed
  • erythematous borders w/ pale centers
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9
Q

WHat is the difference b/w a nodule and a tumor? (hint: size)

A

both are raised lesions deeper in the skin

nodule is >1cm

tumor is >2cm

(“1 nod 2 the tumor”)

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10
Q

What is an erosion and an ulcer? what is the difference between the two?

A
  • Erosions and ulcercarions are secondary lesions described as a breakdown or loss of the superficial epidermis or dermis
  • Erosion= no scar, not deep
  • Ulcer= scar, shallow or deep
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11
Q

What is a “scale”?

A

Flakes of “dead skin”/fragments of stratum corneum

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12
Q

What is petechiae/purpura/ecchymoses?

A

Nonblanchable, bleeding into the skin that is either pinpoint, centimeter sized or larger than 1cm

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13
Q

What are nummular/discoid/round lesions?

A

all coin shaped lesions

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14
Q

What is an annular lesion?

A

ring shaped lesion

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15
Q

What is an arcuate lesion?

A

shaped like an arc

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16
Q

What is a figurate/polycyclic lesion?

A
  • lots of different ring shapes
  • rings within rings
17
Q

What is a retiform/reticulate lesion?

A

Web or net like, following vascularture

18
Q

What is a “mammillated” lesion?

A

‘nipple like’

bumpy, like a cobblestone road