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DERM > DERM 1 > Flashcards

DERM 1 Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What diameter lesion raises suspicion for malignant melanoma?

A

Greater than 6 mm

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2
Q

What is another name for atopic dermatitis?

A

Eczema

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3
Q

What is the most common chief complaint for eczema?

A

Pruritis

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4
Q

First line tx for eczema?

A
  • Emollient creams
  • Infants: Hydrocortisone
  • Adults: higher strength topicals-triamcinolone
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5
Q

Second line tx for eczema?

A
  • Systemic steroids
  • Occlusive dressings w/ topicals
  • Immunomodulators
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6
Q

What derm condition is characterized by intense pruritus, erythema, maculopapular lesions on flexor surfaces, crusts, oozing and lichenification?

A

Atopic dermatitis-eczema

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7
Q

Tests for eczema?

A
  • Not really
  • IgE elevated
  • Eosinophilia
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8
Q

Tx for contact dermatitis?

A
  • Lotions: zinc oxide, talc, menthol, phenol
  • High-potency short-term steroid: fluocinonide
  • Transition to medium-strength: triamcinolone
  • Hydroxyzine or diphenhydramine for itching
  • ABX if secondary infection
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9
Q

What do satellite lesions in diaper dermatitis indicate?

A

Candida infection

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10
Q

Is it common to find diaper dermatitis in skin folds?

A
  • No

- Usually spared or last

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11
Q

Tests for diaper dermatitis?

A

Nope

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12
Q

Tx for diaper dermatitis?

A
  • If just contact dermatitis: hydrocortisone

- Candida: anti-fungals-miconazole

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13
Q

Is nummular eczema scaling or crusting?

A

Crusting

-Tinea is scaling

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14
Q

Tx for nummular eczema?

A

Same as atopic dermatitis

  • Avoid too much soap, but use fatty soaps
  • Lubricate skin after shower
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15
Q

What causes perioral dermatitis?

A
  • Not well known

- Possibly formaldehyde in kleenex, toothpaste

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16
Q

Tx for perioral dermatitis?

A

Tetracyclines: doxycycline

  • No topical steroids
  • Throw away toothbrush, change toothpaste and kleenex
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17
Q

What skin condition is characterized by greasy, scaling lesions near scalp, eyebrows, and face?

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

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18
Q

Tx for seborrheic dermatitis?

A
  • Selsun Blue
  • Topical antifungals
  • Topical corticosteroids
  • Coal tar
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19
Q

What skin condition is characterized by scaling, edema, erosions, crusting, “woody” fibrosis and ulceration?

A

Stasis dermatitis

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20
Q

Is stasis dermatitis usually unilateral or bilateral?

A

Bilateral

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21
Q

What area of the body is usually associated with stasis dermatitis?

A
  • Lower 1/3 of legs

- Medial

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22
Q

What diagnostic tool is crucial for chronic venous insufficiency?

A

-Duplex ultrasound

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23
Q

First-line tx for stasis dermatitis?

A
  • ABX if secondary infection
  • Wet dressings and cooling paste
  • Topical corticosteroids
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24
Q

Second line tx for stasis dermatitis?

A
  • ABX based on cultures

- Lubrication if dermatitis is quiescent

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25
Q

Tx for dyshydrotic eczema?

A
  • Mild: low potency topical steroids
  • Medium: high potency steroids and dressings
  • Severe: systemic steroids
  • Psoralens, botox if all else fails
  • Emollients
  • Avoid too much water
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26
Q

Tx for lichen simplex chronicus?

A
  • Anti-pruritic agents: menthol, doxepin
  • High potency topical steroids
  • Oral antihistamines
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27
Q

What are dermatophyte infections?

A

Tinea fungi

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28
Q

What is a kerion associated with?

A

Tinea capitis

29
Q

Tests for dermatophyte infections?

A

Fungal culture

KOH prep

30
Q

Tx for tinea capitis?

A

Griseofulvin

  • Terbinafine
  • Itraconazole
31
Q

Tx for tinea pedis?

A

Anti-fungal creams

32
Q

Tx for tinea corporis or cruris?

A

-Topical azole anti-fungals

33
Q

Tx for tinea versicolor?

A
  • Ketoconazole or Selsun Blue

- Oral anti-fungals if unresponsive

34
Q

Most common skin response to adverse drug reaction?

A

Urticaria (Hives)

35
Q

Tx for drug eruptions?

A
  • Not really
  • Tx for anaphylaxis
  • Emergency tx if necessary
36
Q

What skin condition is characterized by: shiny flat-topped papules occurring in crops, plaques, white lacy appearance on tongue, and polygonal shapes?

A

Lichen planus

37
Q

Where on the body can you find lichen plans?

A
  • Flexor surfaces of UE
  • Extensor surfaces of LE
  • Mucous membranes
38
Q

What skin condition is associated with Wickham striae and Koebner phenomenon?

A

Lichen planus

39
Q

Tx for lichen planus?

A
  • Superpotent topical steroids or intralesional corticosteroids
  • Soak and smear: soak for 20 mins then apply steroids
  • Topical steroids in Orabase
  • Systemic steroids if necessary
40
Q

Are fever and malaise common in Pityriasis rosea?

A

No

41
Q

Tx for pityriasis rosea?

A

Topical steroids or oral antihistamines for itching

42
Q

What skin condition is characterized by brick-red plaques with scaling, nail disease, and arthritis?

A

Psoriasis

43
Q

Which form of psoriasis is the most severe?

A

Pustular

-Medical emergency

44
Q

Where can you find inverse/flexural psoriasis?

A
  • Intertriginous areas

- Moist

45
Q

What skin condition is associated with the Auspitz sign and Koebner phenomenon?

A

Psoriasis

46
Q

First-line tx for psoriasis?

A
  • Emollients
  • Topical steroids
  • Vitamin D
  • Retinoids
47
Q

Second-line tx for psoriasis?

A
  • Immunosupresssants
  • Salicylic acid
  • Coal tar
48
Q

What skin condition is associated with SJS?

A

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)

49
Q

How is TEN differentiated from SJS?

A

SJS is less then 10%

TEN is more than 30%

50
Q

What skin condition is characterized by mucous membrane lesions and targetoid lesions all over body?

A

SJS

51
Q

What is Nikolsky’s sign?

A

Epidermal sloughing with lateral pressure

52
Q

What skin condition is associated with Nikolsky’s sign?

A

SJS

53
Q

Tests for SJS?

A
  • Culture/serology for infection
  • Electrolytes
  • Albuminuria, Hematuria
  • Skin biopsy
54
Q

Tx for SJS?

A
  • Steroids controversial
  • IVIG? Cyclosporins?
  • Stop medications
  • Admit to hospital
55
Q

Tx for TEN?

A
  • Admit to burn unit
  • Fluids
  • Warming
56
Q

What triggers erythema multiforme?

A
  • Infections

- HSV

57
Q

What characterizes erythema multiforme?

A

-Target lesions following HSV infection

58
Q

Tx for erythema multiforme?

A
  • Underlying condition
  • Antivirals if viral
  • Steroids or antihistamines for symptoms
59
Q

Which skin condition is characterized by bullae, blistering, and negative Nikolsky’s and Asboe-Hansen signs?

A

Bullous pemphigoid

60
Q

How do you diagnose bullous pemphigoid?

A

Biopsy

61
Q

Tx for bullous pemphigoid?

A
  • High potency steroids first-line

- Oral steroids if necessary

62
Q

What skin condition is characterized by pustular lesions and comedones on face?

A

Acne vulgaris

63
Q

What are open comedones?

A

Blackheads

64
Q

What are closed comedones?

A

Whiteheads

65
Q

What skin condition is associated with a bulbous nose, erythema, telangiectasias, pustules on face?

A

Rosacea

66
Q

Tx for rosacea?

A
  • Low dose oral doxycycline
  • Topical metro
  • Sulfur compounds
67
Q

Tests for folliculitis?

A

Culture and sensitivity

68
Q

Tx for folliculitis?

A

-Systemic ABX mainstay but not useful

DERM (2 decks)

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