DEPTH STUDY- instability up to 1923 Flashcards
When was the spartacist putsch?
January 1919
Who was the spartacist leader?
Rosa Luxemburg
What was the spartacist plot?
To overthrow the Weimar government
What did the spartacists want to achieve?
create a new German comunist government
What did the spartacists cause? (2)
revolution in Berlin- took over German newspapers and headquarters
Who were the spartacists brutally crushed by?
Freikorps
When was the Kapp putsch?
March 1920
Who led the Kapp Putsch?
Wolfgang Kapp
What was the Kapp plot?
to overthrow the weimar government
Waht did the Kapp putsch aim to achieve?
creation of a right wing military dictatorship
What did Kapp declare?
he declared a right wing government
What did the Kapp cause? (2)
- Revolution in Berlin
- Ebert and government ran away
When was the Munich Putsch?
November 1923
Who led the Munich putsch?
Adolf Hitler
Where was the Munich putsch?
Munich beer hall
What waas the Munich putsch trying to achieve?
For Kahr to support Hitler
What did force tried to take over Germany?
Bavarian Army
What was the sum of the reparations bill?
£6.6 billion
What did the reparations require? (2)
- annual instalments
- Money and tradable goods
Why were the reparations unfair on civillians? (2)
- higher taxes
- they didn’t even fight/want the war
Why did the reparations seem like an impossible figure?
Germany wouldn’t be able to pay it off until 1984
What did Tov cause for the Weimar government?
People hated the Weimar Government for it
How much land did Germany loose in the Tov?
13% land loss, 10% industrial, 15% acricultural - caused huge money problems
Which country were Germany not allowed to join with?
Austria
What else did the other terms of the Tov cause?
Loss of German people
What was the army reduced to?
100,000 men
millions of the unemployed joined what?
The Freikorps
What was demilitarised?
Rhineland
What did the demilitarisation mean?
Couldn’t defend against the Ruhr crisis
what was the war guilt article
article 231
Who were the “November criminals”?
Evil allies and weak politicians who signed the Tov
What myth was curated after Tov?
Stab-in-the-back myth
When was the French invasion of the Ruhr?
1923
Why did the French invade the Ruhr?
Because Germany couldn’t keep up with reparation payments
What did the French take as substitute for reparations?
steel -80% steel production
What did the Weimar call for?
Passive resistance
What did the German workers do during passive resistance?
went on strike
What did passive resistance mean for the economy?
Very bad, no money
How did the Weimar government respond to passive resistance?
Printed more money
What did printing more money cause?
Hyperinflation
What happned to German currency?
Devailled
How often did prices increase during the hyperinflation?
almost increased every hour
What was the price transfer?
1 billion Marks - 1 loaf of bread
What were the social consequences of the Hyperinflation?
Decline in Law in order, increase in crime
