DEPTALS 4 Flashcards by Emjay Cosico

TRUE about alcohol

A. Alcohol can cause tolerance and physical dependence

B. Alcohol has an antidepressant effect

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. Alcohol can cause tolerance and physical dependence

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Mechanisms of Schizophrenia-Related Genes

A. Some of these genes have been linked to abnormal development or abnormal GABA or glutamate neurotransmission

B. Some of these genes are linked to other disorders as well

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

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This is characterized by the patient’s face appearing immobile and inexpressive; this is the flattening of emotions and becomes more pronounced as the disease progresses.

A. BLUNTED AFFECT B. APATHY

A. if statement is associated/related ONLY to choice A

B. if statement is associated/related ONLY to choice B

C. if statement is associated/related to BOTH choice A and B

D. if statement is NOT associated/related to choice A and B

A. if statement is associated/related ONLY to choice A

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Darwin’s Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals discusses that dogs present their ears back, back down, hair down, and tail down in this type of posture

A. AGGRESSIVE POSTURE

B. SUBMISSIVE POSTURE

C. if statement is associated/related to BOTH choice A and B

D. if statement is NOT associated/related to choice A and B

B. SUBMISSIVE POSTURE

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TRUE about the limbic system

A. It is also known as the papez circuit

B. It controls expression of emotions

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

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When performed, the anterior cingulate gyrus has been shown to alleviate symptoms in treatment-resistant patients

A. Deep Brain Stimulation

B. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. Deep Brain Stimulation

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Psychoneuroimmunology involves

A. BRAIN

B. IMMUNE SYSTEM

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

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This is characterized by intense feelings of despair, hypoactivity, sleep problems, withdrawal, lack of appetite, and an inability to care for oneself

A. MANIA

B. DEPRESSION

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. DEPRESSION

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Neural Mechanisms of Human Emotion:

A. No one brain structure is linked to emotions

B. All areas involved in emotions involved in other functions as well

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

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Involved in acquisition, storage, and expression of conditioned fear

A. LATERAL NUCLEUS

B. PREFRONTAL CORTEX

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. LATERAL NUCLEUS

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TRUE about facial expressions

A. Primary facial expressions never occur in pure form

B. Universal facial expressions not as universal as once thought

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

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An important system in stress response which involves ACTH and glucocorticoids

A. Anterior pituitary-adrenal cortex system

B. Posterior pituitary-adrenal cortex system

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. Anterior pituitary-adrenal cortex system

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Antigens, lymphocytes, T-cells and B-cells are part of this immune system

A. ADAPTIVE

B. INNATE

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. ADAPTIVE

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This is described as those who experience bouts of hypomania and depression

A. BIPOLAR I

B. BIPOLAR II

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. BIPOLAR II

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Drug tolerance can be measured as

A. DRUG RESPONSE

B. DRUG AMOUNT

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

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Lesion in this area blocks fear conditioning without blocking CS+ Conditioning seen in Contextual Fear Conditioning

A. HIPPOCAMPUS

B. HYPOTHALAMUS

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. HIPPOCAMPUS

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Monoamine Theory of Depression

A. This is a weak theory since many many patients are not helped by 5-HT or NE agonists, and other neurotransmitters are known to be involved with depression

B. There is evidence that certain norepinephrine and serotonin receptors are elevated in untreated depressed patients

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

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This is from the plant called Cannabis

A.COCAINE

B.MARIJUANA

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B.MARIJUANA

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Chlorpromazine in the use of schizophrenia acts as a

A. DOPAMINE RECEPTOR BLOCKER

B. DOPAMINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

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Leading cause of preventable death is seen in individuals using

A. TOBACCO

B. ALCOHOL

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. TOBACCO

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THC is highly lipophilic and thus can pass through the blood brain barrier.

A. PHARMACODYNAMICS

B. PHARMACOKINETICS

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. PHARMACOKINETICS

Tourette’s disorder

A. t is often accompanied by attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder.

B. This is a disorder characterized by tics, or involuntary, repetitive movements or vocalizations

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

Dopamine Theory of Schizophrenia

A. Theory supported by reserpine, a dopamine antagonist

B. Stimulants trigger schizophrenic episodes in healthy

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

Medial Prefrontal Lobes and Human Emotion

A. Medial aspects associated with positive emotions

B. Respond to losses

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. Respond to losses

Renewed Interest in Hallucinogenic Drugs A. The anesthetic drug ketamine is a glutamate agonist B. Ketamine can produce positive symptoms C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

Brain Differences in Depression A. Gray matter reduction B. White matter reduction C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

Sympathetic nervous system A. Norepinephrine B. Epinephrine C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

Psychosomatic Disorder A. Gastric ulcers B. Increased blood flow seen in cases of Helicobacter pylori C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. Gastric ulcers

This effect is seen when MAO inhibitors in combination with tyramine-rich foods (e.g., cheese, wine, or pickles) cause life-threatening surges in blood pressure A. THE TYRAMINE EFFECT B. THE CHEESE EFFECT C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. THE CHEESE EFFECT

TRUE about polygraphy A. It examines changes in emotions through CNS B. It only uses control-question technique C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

Drug tolerance is a shift in the dose-response curve to the right. Therefore, tolerant individuals have the following A. The same dose has more effect B. A lesser dose is required to produce the same effect C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

This is defined as the physiologic effects and action of the drug, what the drug does to the body. A. PHARMACODYNAMICS B. PHARMACOKINETICS C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. PHARMACODYNAMICS

Cognitive Neuroscience of Emotion A. Similar activity occurs if person experience, imagines, or sees someone else experiencing emotion B. Brain activity associated with each emotion is not diffuse C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. Similar activity occurs if person experience, imagines, or sees someone else experiencing emotion

Individuals who take drugs for pleasurable effect is this type of perspective of addiction A. Positive incentive B. Negative incentive C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. Positive incentive

Early Landmarks in the Biopsychological Investigation of Emotion A. James-Lange studied the Physiological basis of emotion and emotion-inducing stimuli trigger visceral changes B. Phineas and Ferb experienced a resultant change in personality C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. James-Lange studied the Physiological basis of emotion and emotion-inducing stimuli trigger visceral changes

Stages in the Development of Addiction A. DRUG CRAVING B. DRUG TAKING C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

Dopamine in the nucleus accumbens A. Reinforcers inhibit dopamine in nucleus accumbens B. Critical to experience of reward and pleasure C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. Critical to experience of reward and pleasure

Defined as diminished capacity to feel pleasure A. BLUNTED AFFECT B. APATHY C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

Lateralization of emotion involves dominant hypotheses A. LEFT HEMISPHERIC MODEL B. RIGHT HEMISPHERIC MODEL C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. RIGHT HEMISPHERIC MODEL

Analgesics that bind to opioid receptors A. HEROIN B.MORPHINE C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

Area responsible by suppressing conditioned fear A. LATERAL NUCLEUS B. PREFRONTAL CORTEX C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. PREFRONTAL CORTEX

Relation between drug tolerance and withdrawal A. The same adaptive changes that develop in response to drug exposure and produce drug tolerance manifest as withdrawal once drug is removed B. As neuropsychological changes develop, tolerance increases and as they subsite, the withdrawal effect increases C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. The same adaptive changes that develop in response to drug exposure and produce drug tolerance manifest as withdrawal once drug is removed

Type of drug tolerance that decreases the ability of drug to create an effect A. FUNCTIONAL B. METABOLIC C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. FUNCTIONAL

Inhibition of the release of amino acid and monoamine neurotransmitters is called A. Pharmacokinetics B. Pharmacodynamics C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. Pharmacodynamics

It includes delusions of grandeur, overconfidence, impulsivity, and distractibility A. Mania B. Hypomania C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

A. Mania

Methamphetamine is lipophilic and very small in size is an example of a A. Mechanism of drug B.Drug penetration of CNS C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B.Drug penetration of CNS

This accounts for the fact that the beneficial effects of antidepressants are often not seen until weeks after treatment onset A. MONOAMINE THEORY B. NEUROPLASTICITY THEORY C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. NEUROPLASTICITY THEORY

Class of Anxiety Disorder that are caused by exposure to a specific object or situation (snakes, heights, etc.). A. Panic disorders B. Specific phobias C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. Specific phobias

The uptake of methamphetamine by different organ system and eliminated by liver detoxification and kidney filtration is considered as A. Drug Metabolism B. Drug Elimination C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement

These include delusions, hallucinations, inappropriate affect, disorganized speech or thought, and odd behavior A. NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS B. POSITIVE SYMPTOMS C. IF BOTH choice A or B is related to the statement D. IF NEITHER choice A or B is related to the statement

B. POSITIVE SYMPTOMS