Depressive and Bipolar disorders- Chapter 16

Question 1

Mood

Answer 1

a sustained emotional feeling perceived along a normal continuum of sad to happy that affects our perception of our surroundings

Question 2

Mood Disorder

Answer 2

Present when certain symptoms impair a person’s ability to function for a time.
Characterized by abnormal feelings of depression or euphoria

Question 3

Neurotransmitters

Answer 3

Norepinephrine, Serotonin, dopamine, Acetylcholine, and Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Question 4

Dysthymia

Answer 4

Suffer from more chronic, ongoing symtoms of depression that last for at least 2 years

Question 5

Depression

Answer 5

Display varying degrees of emotional, physical, cognitive, and psychomotor symptoms.

Question 6

Cognitive Symptoms

Answer 6

The inability to concentrate, slowed thinking, confusion, and poor memory of recent events.

Question 7

Psychomotor symptoms

Answer 7

Slowed or retarded movements, thought processes and speech or conversely, agitation manifesting as purposeless restless motion

Question 8

Bipolar disorder

Answer 8

Formerly known as manic depression
Characterized by distinct episodes of mania and depression separated by intervals without mood disturbances

Question 9

Mania

Answer 9

Elation, Euphoria

Question 10

Euphoria

Answer 10

Heightened mood

Question 11

Labile Mood

Answer 11

Rapid shifts toward anger and irritability.

Question 12

Grandiose Delusions

Answer 12

The delusion that one has great talent or special powers

Question 13

Cyclothymia

Answer 13

A milder form of bipolar illness characterized by episodes of depression and hypomania that are not severe enough to meet the full criteria for bipolar disorder, but the symptoms of which last at least 2 years.

Question 14

Suicidal Ideation

Answer 14

Suicidal thoughts

Question 15

Antidepressants

Answer 15

A drug class used for treatment of depression

Question 16

Seizures

Answer 16

A symptom of an abnormality in the nerve cells of the brain. A seizure is a brief period of abnormal electrical activity in these nerve centers.

Question 17

Epilepsy

Answer 17

Chronic and recurrent seizure is considered to be Epilepsy. Most common of all neurologic disorders. It is not a single disease but rather several different disorders that have one common characteristic: a suddent discharge of excessive electrical engery from nerve cells in the brain.

Question 18

Generalized Seizures

Answer 18

Refer to those that affect both hemispheres of the brain are companied by a loss of consciousness and may be subdivided into convulsive and nonconvulsive types.

Question 19

Focal Seizures

Answer 19

Subdivided into focal onset aware seizures and focal onset impaired awareness seizures.
Focal onset aware- the patient is aware of the seizure
Focal onset impaired awareness- the patient is confused or their awareness is affected.

Question 20

Antiepileptic Drugs

Answer 20

Also known as anticonvulsants used to treat Epilepsy

Question 21

Tonic Phase

Answer 21

The patient develops sudden intense muscular contractions that cause them to fall to the ground, lose consciousness, and lie rigid.

Question 22

Clonic Phase

Answer 22

Bilateral symmetric jerks alternating with the relaxation of the extremities. Starts slightly and gradually becomes more violent and involves the whole body.

Question 23

Postictal State

Answer 23

The recovery phase of flaccid paralysis and sleep that lasts 2 to 3 hours

Question 24

Status Epilepticus

Answer 24

A rapid recurring generalized seizure that does not allow the individual to regain normal function between seizures. It is a medical emergency.

Question 25

Atonic Seizures

Answer 25

A sudden loss of muscle tone. Also known as drop attack

Question 26

Myoclonic Seizures

Answer 26

Involve lightning like repetitive contractions of the voluntary muscles fo the face, trunk, and extremities.

Question 27

Seizure Threshold

Answer 27

Inhibiting excitatory processes or enhancing inhibitory processes.

Question 28

Treatment Responsive

Answer 28

Patients who respond to treatment

Question 29

Treatment Resistant

Answer 29

Patients who do not respond to initial treatment

Question 30

Gingival Hyperplasia

Answer 30

The frequency of gum overgrowth

Question 31

Nystagmus

Answer 31

Back-and-forth movement of the eyeballs on the horizontal plain, particularly when looking laterally (out of the corner of the eyes)