Depressive and Bipolar disorders- Chapter 16 Flashcards
Mood
a sustained emotional feeling perceived along a normal continuum of sad to happy that affects our perception of our surroundings
Mood Disorder
Present when certain symptoms impair a person’s ability to function for a time.
Characterized by abnormal feelings of depression or euphoria
Neurotransmitters
Norepinephrine, Serotonin, dopamine, Acetylcholine, and Gamma-aminobutyric acid
Dysthymia
Suffer from more chronic, ongoing symtoms of depression that last for at least 2 years
Depression
Display varying degrees of emotional, physical, cognitive, and psychomotor symptoms.
Cognitive Symptoms
The inability to concentrate, slowed thinking, confusion, and poor memory of recent events.
Psychomotor symptoms
Slowed or retarded movements, thought processes and speech or conversely, agitation manifesting as purposeless restless motion
Bipolar disorder
Formerly known as manic depression
Characterized by distinct episodes of mania and depression separated by intervals without mood disturbances
Mania
Elation, Euphoria
Euphoria
Heightened mood
Labile Mood
Rapid shifts toward anger and irritability.
Grandiose Delusions
The delusion that one has great talent or special powers
Cyclothymia
A milder form of bipolar illness characterized by episodes of depression and hypomania that are not severe enough to meet the full criteria for bipolar disorder, but the symptoms of which last at least 2 years.
Suicidal Ideation
Suicidal thoughts
Antidepressants
A drug class used for treatment of depression
Seizures
A symptom of an abnormality in the nerve cells of the brain. A seizure is a brief period of abnormal electrical activity in these nerve centers.
Epilepsy
Chronic and recurrent seizure is considered to be Epilepsy. Most common of all neurologic disorders. It is not a single disease but rather several different disorders that have one common characteristic: a suddent discharge of excessive electrical engery from nerve cells in the brain.
Generalized Seizures
Refer to those that affect both hemispheres of the brain are companied by a loss of consciousness and may be subdivided into convulsive and nonconvulsive types.
Focal Seizures
Subdivided into focal onset aware seizures and focal onset impaired awareness seizures.
Focal onset aware- the patient is aware of the seizure
Focal onset impaired awareness- the patient is confused or their awareness is affected.
Antiepileptic Drugs
Also known as anticonvulsants used to treat Epilepsy
Tonic Phase
The patient develops sudden intense muscular contractions that cause them to fall to the ground, lose consciousness, and lie rigid.
Clonic Phase
Bilateral symmetric jerks alternating with the relaxation of the extremities. Starts slightly and gradually becomes more violent and involves the whole body.
Postictal State
The recovery phase of flaccid paralysis and sleep that lasts 2 to 3 hours
Status Epilepticus
A rapid recurring generalized seizure that does not allow the individual to regain normal function between seizures. It is a medical emergency.
