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Psychopathology > depression, phobias and ocd > Flashcards

depression, phobias and ocd Flashcards

1
Q

What is the DSM

A

The DSM is the American psychiatric associations diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

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2
Q

What is the DSM used to classify disorders

A

Using defined diagnostic criteria

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3
Q

What is depression?

A

Depression is a mood disorder

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4
Q

What are mood disorders characterised by?

A

Characterised by strong emotions which can influence a persons ability to function normally.

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5
Q

A mood disorder can affect a person so what?

A

Perceptions thinking and behaviour

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6
Q

What Is major depression?

A

An episode of depression that can occur suddenly

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7
Q

What can major depression be?

A

Major depression can be reactive- caused by external factors
It can also be endogenous caused bt internal factors

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8
Q

What is manic depression?

A

N alternation between two mood extrememes mania and depression

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9
Q

What does manic depression involve?

A

The change in mood often pccurs in regular cycles of days or weeks

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10
Q

what are the behavioural symptoms associated with depression?

A

sleep distrubances
change in appetite
pain- headaches

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11
Q

what are the cognitive symptoms associated with depression?

A
  • experience persistent negative beliefs about themselves
  • suicidal thoughts
  • slower though processes-difficulty concentrating
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12
Q

what are the emotional symptoms of depression?

A

extreme feelings of saddness
mood variation
no longer enjoying hobbies which used to be pleasureable

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13
Q

a phobia is an example of what?

A

an axiety disorder

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14
Q

what is an anxiety disorder?

A

an extreme irrational fear of a particular object or situation.

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15
Q

what are the cognitive symptoms of phobias?

A

irrational beliefs about the stimulus that cause fear

people find it hard to concentrate because they are preoccupied with anxious thoughts

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16
Q

what are the behavioural symtomps of phobias?

A

avoiding social situations because they cause anxiety

altering behaviour to avoid the feared object or situation

17
Q

what are the emotional symtoms of phobias?

A

anxiety and a feeling of dread

18
Q

what are the various diagnostic criteria for phobias?

A
  1. there is a significant prolonged fear of an object or situation which lasts more than 6 months
  2. people experience an anxiety response if they are exposed to the phobic stimulus
  3. phobias are out of proportion to actual danger
  4. sufferers go out of their way to avoid the phobic stimulus
  5. the phobia disrupts their lives
19
Q

what are the 2 parts of OCD?

A

obsessions and compulsions

20
Q

are obsessions and compulsions linked?

A

yes

21
Q

what are obsessions? (cog)

A

the cognitive part of OCD

22
Q

what are compulsions (beh)

A

the behavioural aspect of OCD

23
Q

OCD affects around how much of the worlds population?

A

2%

24
Q

what are obsessions?

A

intrusive and persistant thoughts

they are the internal aspect of OCD

25
Q

what are compulsions?

A

physical or mental repetitive actions
the external aspect of OCD
the problem is that the action only reduces the anxiety caused by an obsessions for a short period of time

26
Q

what does the DSM state?

A

that if obsessions or compulsions last for at least 1 hour per day this is an indication of a clinical case of OCD

27
Q

what are the 4 types of OCD behaviours?

A

cheking
contamination
hoarding
symmetry and ordeliness

28
Q

what does checking involve?

A

includes checking that the lights are off or that you have your purse or wallet

29
Q

what does contamination involve?

A

this involves the fear of catching germs

30
Q

what does hoarding involve?

A

keeping useless or worn out objects

31
Q

what does symmetry and orderlines involve?

A

getting objects lines up ‘just right’ in neat orders and the right way around

Psychopathology (5 decks)

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