Depression: Lesson 27 Flashcards
What is depression?
- mood disorder = effects emotional state
- low mood & energy levels
What are the diagnostic features?
- affects thoughts, feelings, behaviour & physical well-being
- symptoms must cause distress or impaired functioning
How is depression diagnosed?
- must display 5 symptoms for min. 2 wks
- lack of interest, insomnia, agitation & feeling worthless
What percentage of adults will have depression in their life?
5%
What are the categories of depression?
- Major Depressive disorder
- Persistent Depressive disorder
- Disruptive Depressive disorder
- Pre-menstrual Dysphoric disorder
Characteristics of Major Depressive disorder
- severe
- short term
Characteristics of Persistent Depressive disorder?
- long term or recurring
Characteristics of Disruptive Mood disorder?
- childhood temper tantrums
Characteristics of Pre-menstrual Dysphoric disorder?
- disruption to mood pre-period
What are 3 emotional characteristics of depression?
- low mood
- anger
- low self esteem
What are 3 behavioural characteristics of depression?
- activity level reduced
- sleep disruption
- aggression & self harm
What are 3 cognitive characteristics of depression?
- poor concentration
- dwelling on negative
- negative absolutist thinking
What does the cognitive approach say about depression?
- results in disturbance of thinking
- focuses on individuals negative thoughts as cause
Who are the 2 main cognitive theorists of depression
- Beck
- Ellis
What does Beck believe
- There are 3 parts of cognitive vulnerability
1) faulty information processing
2) negative self- schema
3) negative triad
What is faulty information processing?
- Ignores positive & attend negative
- Blow small problems out of proportion
What is negative self-schema?
- Building block of knowledge
- Ideas one has about themselves
What is the negative triad?
- Maladaptive response: trapped in cycle of negativity
- Negative view of self = negative view of future = negative view of world
What was the aim of Weissman & Beck 1978?
Investigate thought process of depressed people to see if they have negative schema
What method did Weissman & Beck 1978 use?
- Thought process measured using disfunctional attitude scale
- Participants fill in questionnaire by ticking agree or disagree to statements
What were Weissman & Becks results?
- Depressed people made more negative assessment
- When given therapy self- rating improved
What was Weissman & Becks results?
- depression = negative schema
What are positives of Becks theory?
- Good supporting evidence
- Practical application in CBT
