depression

Question 1

what are the behavioral characteristics of depression?

Answer 1

-activity levels
-disruption to sleep and eating behaviour
-aggression and self-harm

Question 2

what are the emotion characteristics of depression?

Answer 2

-lowered mood
-anger
-lowered self esteem

Question 3

what are the cognitive characteristics of depression?

Answer 3

-poor concentration
-negativity
-absolutist thinking

Question 4

what approach do we use to explain depression?

Question 5

The cognitive approach to explaining depression sees depression as a result of..?

Answer 5

-faulty/ irrational thinking
-the way that you think about the problem, rather than the problem
itself.

Question 6

Who proposed the Negative Triad?

Question 7

What did Beck create to explain depression?

Question 8

What are the aspects of the Negative Triad?

Question 9

What were the 3 things proposed by Beck in his ‘Cognitive Theory of Depression’?

Question 10

What is a negative self schema?

Question 11

Who proposed the idea of a Negative Self Schema in their ‘Cognitive Theory of Depression’?

Answer 12

believed them to have been acquired during childhood due to traumatic events or negative treatments.

Answer 13

whenever a new situation is encountered that resembles the original conditions in which the schema was learned.

Answer 14

-Selective thinking
-Over-generalization
-Personalizing
-Black and White Thinking

Answer 15

-the focusing on negative detailed or events whilst ignoring positive ones
-getting two good grades and one bad grade, but only focusing on the bad

Answer 16

the drawing sweeping conclusions based on a single incident
-one kid in a class acts up, so now the whole class is naughty

Answer 17

-the taking responsibility and blame for all unpleasant things that happen
-saying sorry for everything even though it wasn’t your fault

Answer 18

.
-is seeing everything in terms of success or failure
-getting 2nd place in something but seeing it as a failure/losing because it is not first place

Question 19

Who proposed the ABC Model?

Question 20

What did Ellis create to explain depression?

Question 21

What do each letters of the ABC model stand for?

Answer 21

• Activating event
• Beliefs (irrational thoughts)
• Consequences (undesirable emotions and behaviour).

Answer 22

To investigate the thought processes of depressed people to establish if they make use of negative schemas

Answer 23

Thought processes were measured using the Dysfunctional Attitude
Scale (DAS). Participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire by ticking whether they agreed or
disagreed with a set of statements. For example, “people will probably think less of me if I make a mistake”.

Answer 24

Depressed participants made more negative assessments than non-depressed people.
When given some therapy to challenge and change their negative schemas there was an improvement in their self-ratings.