Depression Flashcards
What is the definition of depression?
A mental disorder characterised by low mood and low energy levels
What are the behavioural characteristics for depression?
Activity levels, suffered have reduced energy levels of energy, thus affecting social life, work, school life etc
Disruption to sleep and eating behaviour
Aggression and self harm
What are the cognitive characteristics for depression?
Poor concentration
Attending to and dwelling on the negative
Absolutist thinking
What are the emotional characteristic for depression?
Lowered mood
Anger
Lowered self esteem
What is the cognitive explanation for depression? (Beck)
Beck’s negative cognitive tirad:
Refer’s to the automatic negative cognitions that individuals prone to depression emphasise about themselves, the world and the future
Negative view of the self -> Negative view of the world -> Negative view of the future ->
What is the cognitive explanation for depression? (Ellis)
Ellis’s ABC model -
A: activating agent - we get depressed when we experience negative events and these trigger irrational beliefs.
B: beliefs - the negative experiences cause negative beliefs
C: consequences - when these negative beliefs occur from the triggering event, there are emotional and behavioural consequences
What are the cognitive treatments for depression? (Beck)
Beck’s cognitive behavioural therapy: Aim is to identify the automatic thoughts about the world, the self and the future, once identified these thoughts must be challenged.
Therapists ask patients to record when they enjoyed an event or when someone is nice to them, then when the negative thoughts reoccur, the therapist can prove them wrong by showing them the list of previous records they made.
What are the cognitive treatments for depression? (Ellis)
The REBT extends the ABC model to an ABCDE model, where D stands fro dispute and E stands for effect.
The central technique of REBT is to identify and dispute irrational thoughts.
